unit 4 chemistry

Solution

Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. Solutions may be liquid,solid,or gaseous

Solvent

Substance present im the greatest quantity

Solute

Substance other than the solvent. Solutes are said to be dissolved in the solvent

Aqueous solution

A liquid in which the solvent is water

Dissolving covalent

Molecules remain intact

dissolving ionic

Solutes dissoaciate into ions

Precipitate

Insoluble compounds that forms during a reaction

Molecular solids dissolve (covalent compounds)

Non electrolytes

Solid ionic dissociate

Strong electrolytes

Strong acids and strong bases dissociate

Strong electrolytes

The disscoation of weak acids and weak based is negligible

Weal electrolytes

Concentration

The amount of solute present in a given quantity of a solvent or solution

Molarity (molar concentration)

Moles of solute per liter of solution

Group 1A

Always +1

Group 2A

Always +2

Halogens (group 17)

Usually -1, positive with oxygen

H

+1 with nonmetals

-2 with metals

O

Usually -2

-1 in peroxide

F

Always -1

When ON increases

its oxidation

When ON decreases

Its reduction