med term ch 8

amni/o

amnion

cervic/o

neck; cervix uteri

colp/o, vagin/o

vagina

galact/o, lact/o

milk

gynec/o

women, female

hyster/o, uter/o

uterus (womb)

mamm/o, mast/o

breast

men/o

menses, menstruation

metr/o

uterus; measure

nat/o

birth

oophor/o, ovari/o

ovary

perine/o

perineum

salping/o

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian tubes)

vulv/o, episi/o

vulva

-arche

begining

-gravida

pregnant woman

-para

to bear

-salpinx

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian tubes)

-tocia

childbirth, labor

-version

turning

lactation

the ability of mammary glands to secrete milk for nourishment of the infant

andr/o

male

balan/o

glans penis

gonad/o

gonad, sex glands

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o

testis

prostat/o

prostate gland

spermat/o, sperm/i, sperm/o

spermatoza, sperm cells

varic/o

dilated vein

vas/o

vessel; vas deferens; duct

CS, C-section

cesarean section

D & C

dilation and curettage

G

gravinda (pregnant)

GYN

gynecology

HRT

hormone replacement therapy

IVF

in vitro fertilization

LMP

last menstral period

OB

obstretrics

ED

erectile dysfunction

BPH

benign prostatic hyperplasia

DRE

digital rectal examination

GC

gonorrhea

HPV

human papillomavirus

OB-GYN

obstretrics and gynecology

OCP

oral contraceptive pill

pap

papanicolaou

para 1, 2, 3

unipara, bipara, tripara (number of viable births)

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease

TAH

total abdominal hysterectomy

TRAM

transverse rectus abdominis muscle

TSS

toxic shock syndrome

TVH

total vaginal hysterectomy

PSA

prostate-specific antigen

TURP

transurethral resection of the prostate

TRUS

transrectal ultrasonography

STI

sexually transmitted infection

VD

venereal disease

candidiasis

vaginal fungal infection characterized by a curdy, or cheeselike, discharge and extreme itching

cervical cancer

associated with HPV

ectopic pregnancy

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity

endometriosis

painful disorder in which tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows inside the uterine cavity

fibroid

benign neoplasm in the uterus that is composed largely of fibrous tissue

gestational hypertension

potentially life threatening disorder that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by edema and proteinuria

leukorrhea

white discharge from the vagina

sterility

inability of a woman to become pregnant or for a man to impregnate a woman

TSS - def

rare and sometimes fatal infection that generally occurs in mentstrating women, most of whom use vaginal tampons

anorchism

congenital absence of one or both testes

balanitis

inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis

cryptorchism

failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum

epispadias

congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis near the glans penis instead of the tip

impotence

inability of a man to acheive or maintain a penile erection; commonly called ED

phimosis

narrowness of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

STI - def

any disease that may be acquired as a result of sexual intercourse or other intimate contact with an infected individual

chlamydia

causes cervicitis in women and urethritis and epidymitis in men

gonorrhea

bacterial infection of the mucous membrane of the genital tract in men and women

herpes gentiles

transmitted with direct contact, can recur spontaneously

HPV - def

infection of the genital areas of the men and woman

syphilis

chronic STI characterized by skin lesions typically on genitals, rectum, or mouth

trichomoniasis

infection that commonly causes vaginitis, urethritis, and cystitis

amniocentesis

ob procedure that involves surgical puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid

colposcopy

examination of the vagina and the cervix with an optical magnifying instrument

laparoscopy

visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus

mammography

radiography of the breast used to diagnose benign and malignant tumors

pap test

microscopic analysis of cells taken from the cervix and vagina to detect the presence of carcinoma

digital rectal examination

examination of the prostate gland by finger palpitation through the anal cavity and the rectum

transrectal ultrasound and biopsy of the prostate

an ultrasound probe is inserted into the rectum to obtain an image of the prostate gland and collect multiple needle biopsy specimens of the prostate gland tissues where abnormalities are detected

cerclage

ob procedure in which a nonabsorbable suture is used for holding the cervix closed to prevent spontaneous abortion in women who has an incompetent cervix

episiotomy

surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening for ob purposes during the birth process

hysterosalpingooophorectomy

surgical removal of a uterus, fallopian tube, and an ovary

lumpectomy

excision of a small, primary breast tumor and some normal tissue that surrounds it

mastectomy

complete or partial excision of one or both breasts, most commonly performed to remove a malignant tumor

reconstructive breast surgery

reconstruction of breast that has been removed because of cancer or other disease

tubal ligation

sterilization procedure that involves blocking both fallopian tubes by cutting or burning them and tying them off

brachytherapy

radiation oncology procedure where radioactive “seeds” are placed directly within or near a tumor in the prostate to destroy malignant cells

circumcision

surgical removal of the foreskin usually performed on the male as an infant

turp - def

surgical procedure to releive obstruction caused by BPH by insertion of a resectroscope into the penis and through the urethra to “chip away” at prostatic tissue and flush out chips using an irrigating solution

estrogens

treat symptoms of menopause through HRT

contraceptives

prevent ovulation to avoid pregnancy

oxytocis

induce labor at term by increasing the strength and frequency of uterine contractions

spermicides

destroy sperm by creating a highly acidic environment in the uterus