stems, spores, and leaves

what do vascular plants have

xylem

phloem

sporophytes

what do the xylem and phloem do

grow tall

seedless vascular plants

lycophytes (club moss)

moilphytes

what are lycophyta

trees that thrived million years ago in moist swamps

small herbaceous plants

monilophyta

ferns (widespread)

similar to byrophytes

how are monilophyta similar to byrophytes

alternation of generations

water for fertilization

how are monilophyta different from byrophytes

increased dominance and independent of sporophyte generations in ferns

reduced gametophytes when adapting of seed plants

develop within walls of spores retained within tissues of parent sporophyte

gynosperms

naked seds

cone-bearing “conifers”

angiosperms

reproductive structures: flowers and fruits

most widespread and diverse (140)

types of angiosperms

monocot and dictot

monocot

parallel veins

multiples of 3

scattered tissues

dicots

netlike veins

taproot

floral 4-5

tissues in rings