Intro to Counseling Exam 3

historically dominant Counseling profession

career development

What are the primary tasks of the vocational counselor

resolve developmental problems such as career immaturity, career alternatives, and applying decision making strategies

Decision making skills

People must learn to make quality decisions about when and how they should initiate career changes

employable skills

career counseling goal is to provide skills for making and implementing decisions throughout the lifetime

Life coaching Expectation

the coach functions less like a therapist and much more like a personal trainer, consultant, and mentor; specific goals are identified

Donald Super stages to help with career decisions: Stage 1

Exploratory Stage, a person uses fantasy, play, and role experimentation to help clarify the self concept of what the job might look life

Donald Super stages to help with career decisions: Stage 2

Establishment stage; experimenting and trying out various options, to help the person discover an occupation well suited to satisfy personal needs

Donald Super stages to help with career decisions: Stage 3

maintenance stage

counseling profession historically housed under

evolved from vocational guidance; American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA)

Primary goals for career counseling

to understand yourself; to not only help you make the decisions you need to make now, but to give you the knowledge and skills you need to make future career and life decisions.

Job related distress is also linked to:

lonely, depressed, anxious, problem-ridden people, low self-esteem

six different personality types individuals can be categorized in

types—realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, or conventional—depending on interests, preferences, and skills

addiction counseling involves clients who abuse what

drug and alcohol abuse, gambling addictions, and shopping

Difference between drug use and drug abuse

is a matter of degree

addiction

persistent, chronic, and intense focus on a single behavior pattern that feels or is out of control

continuum of drug use and drug abuse

occasional use of drugs → psychological dependency → habit formation → physiological addiction

The opposite of addiction is

connection

adolescents who are frequent drug abusers present

increased antisocial behavior, block completion of normal developmental tasks, and sometimes lead to the development of a deviant lifestyle; appear withdrawn, alienated, and generally happy

your job as a counselor when working with a diverse population of clients is to

learn as much as you can about the unique cultural background, history, and traditions of each client you see

Culture

usually applied to society, institutions or groups of people, shared assumptions and beliefs and interaction with shared values produce shared norms that drive shared patterns of behavior

skills a counselor working with multicultural clients needs

empathy (understanding clients as they are (diversity and multiculturalism)); be aware of your differences; don’t stereotype; acknowledge and value the many different cultures

implications of bias and prejudice

the often instinctive and automatic cognitive process that we use to understand the world; we seek to categorize others in an attempt to understand ourselves

questions to ask yourself in order to learn to address religion and spirituality

What are your views concerning religion and spirituality? How do you believe these views will affect your counseling role? How will you be able to empathize with clients who have differing spiritual values than your won? HOw will you keep your own spiritual values/ beliefs from inappropriately influencing the counseling relationship?

stages of change from Prochaska and Diclemente

pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance