MCB - Block 1

Bonus Questions

Which of the following is a classical opioid receptor?

DOR

Which of the following is a classical opioid receptor?

KOR

Which of the following is a classical opioid receptor?

MOR

What treatments are currently used to treat clinical osteoporosis?

Biphosphonates, Teriparatide, Osteoprotegrin Decoy Receptors

Which of the following IS NOT an osteoblast marker?

Sclerostin

Heterozygous whippets (mh/+) typically…

Have Intermediate Muscle & Enhanced Racing Speed

Homozygous mutant (mh/mh) whippets…

Undergo Exaggerated Muscle Growth, Resulting in 'Bully' Phenotype

Genetically, what is the result of the MSTN mutation?

All Of These Are Correct!

The conserved cysteine that is missing in mutant MSTN animals is responsible for…

Disulfide Dimer Formation

What is the main function of osteocytes in bone?

Sense Mechanical Pressure, and Help Maintain Bone

Which cellular change contributes to impaired bone remodeling in navicular syndrome?

Decreased Osteocyte Density and Disrupted Osteocyte Network

Which mechanoreceptors are present in the navicular enthesis organ area, and proposed to sense impending tissue damage?

Pacinian Corpuscles

Which of the following IS NOT a correct association?

Damage in Bone Matrix : Decreased RANKL Production

Which is the correct order of phases of the bone remodeling cycle?

Osteoclast Formation > Osteoclast Mediated Bone Resportion > Reversal Period > Osteoblast Bone Matrix Formation > Mineralization

How does FGF-23 protect against excess phosphate?

Acting on kidney tubules, decreasing absorption of phosphate.

Which of the following is not a correct association?

RUNX2 : Osteoblast Differentiation

Sclerostin is secreted by:

Osteocytes

The whippet was ‘bred for the sport of racing’, which can be translated to mean…

They were bred for increased quantity of Type 2 muscle fibers.

The MSTN gene is a member of:

The TGF Beta Family

Which type of mutation occurs in the Bully Whippets?

Frame-Shift

Molecular assays CAN provide information on the viability of all of these infectious agents, except:

RNA Viruses

Which are the ‘rhinitis viruses’ mentioned in the article that have short shedding periods and common false negatives, making them difficult to test for?

ERAV, ERBV

Detection of which viruses DOES NOT usually indicate clinical infection?

ERAV or ERBV

Quantitative-PCR, also known as ‘Real-Time’ PCR, adds which of the following in addition to typical PCR methods?

Flourescent Marker

Utilizing propidium monoazide (PMA) prior to PCR does ALL BUT WHICH of the following?

Uses red light therapy for incubation

The SNP at DNA polymerase gene of which virus is linked to neurological disease?

EHV-1

Which option DOES NOT correctly match a portion of the eye with its respective role in immunity?

Meibomian Gland - IgA Secretion in Tear Film

Which molecule is released the soonest in response to membrane rupture following an injury?

Arachidonic Acid

Which of the following cells IS NOT exclusive to the innate immune system?

NK T Cells

True or False: The retina is part of the CNS

True!