HIST 1302 - Postwar foreign affairs

Identify the reasons why Britain and France felt that they should not have to repay their loans to the United States.Identify the reasons why Britain and France felt that they should not have to repay their loans to the United States.

Failure of Britain and France to pay back these loans but why? Most of the money lent from the US had been spent in the US. all the blood they shed in the war (blood=?), european manufacturing having trouble restarting

Know the history behind the Johnson Debt Default Act of 1934.

History: 1929, reparations and war loan payments system collapsed. 1931 hoover negotiated a temporary suspension of payments by germany. BR and FR stop making payments

Result: No loans even by banks could be made to any nation in default to the US.

What was the Five Powers Naval Treaty?

: No construction of battleships and aircraft carriers for ten years. No further fortifications on naval bases in the Pacific.
No penalty for violation of the treaty
Also established a Tonnage Ratio on other ships.
US - 5
Britain - 5
France - 5
Italy - 3
Japan - 3

Rolls royce rolls royce ford ratio

weakness small ships could be built up, no penalties for breaking the treaty

What behind the scenes influences affected the treaty?

Japanese government itself. In Japan, there is the Emperor. There were 2 different groups of military leaders who were competing for the Emperor's influence:
Treaty Faction - approved the treaty
Ultranationalist - rejected the treaty

What were its weaknesses?

The treaty was seen as so unfair that the Treaty Faction lost the Emperor.

How did it deteriorate the civilian and military relationship in Japan?

The Ultranationalists gained power in Japan's military in the 1930s which will lead to territorial conquests.

What were Roosevelt's reasons for pursuing the Good Neighbor Policy?

• Us would ni longer operate under the roosevelt corollary, give favored trade status to some latin american commodities and goods by lowering import taxes on  them. Loaning money. Platt amendment ends. 

• Reasons: FDR shore up collective security in the western hemisphere in case another war breaks out 

• Declaration of havana: collective security pact (attack one you attack all)

Kellogg-Briand Pact

• 62 nations, pledge not to resort to war except only in self defense. Signatories agreed to renounce offensive war. They still fought in defense, but not offense. 62 nations did sign it.

why isolationism?

1. Us never joined the league of nations

2. Hardings preaching of “normalcy”

3. fear of foreigners caused by the red scare

4. NYE committee 1934-1936 documented the massive bank loans made to BR and FR during the war. Massive profits made by arms dealers during WW1