human response - life sciences

COMMUNICATING INFO WITHIN THE BODY

nervous system and endocrine system

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

has nerve cells that carry nerve impulses from receptors to effectors

THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

has hormones that are secreted by endocrine glands and brings about change in targeted organs 

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 

consists of brain and spinal cord 

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

is part of the peripheral nervous system controls all involuntary actions in the body

SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM

brings about action and stimulates parts of the body

PARASYMPATHETIC

slows down the parts of the body

NERVES

send and carry signals to and from all parts of the body and are made up of neurons 

SENSORY NEURONS

conduct nerve impulses from receptors towards spinal cord and brain

MOTOR NEURONS

conduct nerve impulses away from the brain and spinal cord to effectors 

INTERNEURONS

found in brain and spinal cord and are responsible for connecting two or more neurons together 

SYNAPSE

microscopic gap between end of an axon and neuron and dendrite of another neuron 

CEREBRUM

largest part of the brain that

• interprets sensory impulses

• controls voluntary movements 

• controls higher thought processes 

CEREBELLUM

second largest part of the brain

• coordinates voluntary movements 

• regulates posture and balance 

CORPUS CALLOSUM

joins two hemispheres and facilitates coordination between them 

HYPOTHALAMUS

controls activities of the autonomic nervous system and regulates emotional and behavioral patterns  

THE SPINAL CORD

rough cylindrical cord located in the vertebral canal of the vertebral column 

FUNCTIONS OF SPINAL CORD

• conducts impulses from receptors to brain and brain to effectors 

• acts as reflex center for involuntary actions 

REFLEX ACTION

rapid involuntary response to stimulus received by a receptor

RELEX ARC

path taken by impulse in response to stimulus

REFLEX PATH

1. receptor

2. sensory neuron 

3. spinal cord 

4. connector neuron 

5. motor neuron 

6. effector 

ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

neuro degenerative disease that damages the mental intellect and functioning of the brain  

ALZHEIMERS SYMPTONS