Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Which cases cover apportionment & redistricting?
Baker v Carr, Shaw v Reno
Maryland v McCulloch
States placing tax on US National Bank, but states do not have this right. Congress can create a national bank because of the necessary & proper cause. Federal government overrules state government!
Marbury v Madison
Judicial review resulted from this case, congress cannot pass laws that supersede the constitution.
US v Lopez
High school student brought unloaded gun to school, violated a FEDERAL law but this law was found unconstitutional. Congress was exceeding the interstate commerce law, proof of 10th amendment if it’s not explicitly in constitution then it’s up to state.
Engel v Vitale
New York private schools held morning prayers but this violated the 1st amendment and resulted it any government (state & federal) not being allowed to promote religion
Wisconsin v Yoder
Amish families refusing to send children to high school violating a state law but this violates the 1st amendment, freedom of practicing religion.
Tinker v Des Moines
High school students wore black arm bands to protest the Vietnam war, but they have the right to political symbolic speech through 1st amendment. Students have rights at school.
New York Times v US
Nixon administration wanted to withhold information from publication but that violates the 1st amendment, freedom of press
Schenck v US
Individual protesting the military draft, but worked against him due to time of war and congress’ power during war, allowed time, place, manner restrictions on 1st amendment freedom of speech
Gideon v Wainwright
Florida homeless man was charged with crime and requested an attorney provided by state and was declined. Resulted in not only federal but states to provide legal counsel (based from 6th amendment)
McDonald v Chicago
Chicago “banned” purchasing handguns but this violated the 2nd amendment since people have the right to bear arms in self-defense
Brown v Board of Education
Black students weren’t allowed to attend school based purely on race (racial segregation), 13th amendment equal protection cause
Citizens United v FEC
Corporations and Unions not allowed to support political ideologies, based on 1st amendment for free speech there were allowed to support as if they were individuals except cannot direct support (monetarily)
Baker v Carr
Tennessee unequal district sizes over time, apportionment is justifiable for federal government to get involved, led to 1 person 1 vote principle for equal representation, 14th amendment
Shaw v Reno
North Carolina created district boundaries to encourage minorities to vote, however district drawing based on race is a violation since constitution is supposed to be color blind, 14th amendment