Chemistry Flashcards - Atoms, Cells, Elements

"WE LOVE CHEM" they all chant

What is chemistry?

The study of the composition and behavior of matter.

What does the mass number display?

The number of protons and neutrons combined in an atom, the relative mass of the atom.

What is an atomic number?

A value that displays the number of protons (and typically electrons) in an atom.

What are subatomic particles? State the 3 main examples.

Particles that determine the characteristics of each type of atom (eg: protons, neutrons, electrons, etc).

What is a monoatomic element? Provide an example.

An element made up of single atoms of the same type, (eg: helium, neon, argon)

What is a diatomic element? Provide 3 examples.

An element made up of two atoms of the same type (eg: hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen).

What is an isotope? Provide 1 example.

An element with the same amount of protons as another atom of the same element, but a different number of neutrons (eg: Carbon-14)

What does AMU stand for, and what is measured in comparison to?

Relative Atomic Mass, Carbon (mass of exact 12).

Atoms of a particular element are_____

Identical.

Different atoms are composed of _____

Different atoms.

Atoms of different elements combine in ______ to form compounds.

Simple ratios.

What is a precipitation reaction?

When two clear solutions are mixed together to from a solid.

When does a precipitation reaction occur?

When two soluble ionic compounds in aqueous solutions combine to form an insoluble ionic compund.

What do ionic bonds do?

Donate electrons between two metals.

What do covalent bonds do?

Share between two non-metals.

Define ionic.

A chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction of oppositely charged ions.

What is a cation?

A positively charged ion.

What is an anion?

A negatively charged ion.

Periods are read in____

Rows

Groups are read in _____

Columns

What do all elements in the same period (row) have in common?

Same number of electrons.

What is the bohr model?

A 2D model that demonstrates how electrons are orbiting the nucleus of a certain atom.

Quantum mechanics describes…

the behavior of extremely small particles.

What is an orbital?

A three dimensional description of the most likely location of an electron around an atom.