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What is psychology?
The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes using empirical methods to describe, explain, predict & control behaviour
What are the 4 goals of psychology?
to describe, explain, predict & control behaviour
What are the 3 levels of analysis in psychology?
1. Biological (brain, genes, physiology)
2. Psychological (thoughts, emotions)
3. Environmental (social, cultural)
define the psychodynamic perspective
Founded by Sigmund Freud; behaviour is driven by unconscious motives, conflicts & childhood experiences
what is the behavioural perspective?
focuses on observable behaviour shaped by learning & reinforcement (Watson, Skinner)
What is the humanistic perspective?
emphasises personal growth, self-actualisation & free will (Rogers, Maslow)
What is the cognitive perspective?
focuses on mental processes such as memory, thinking & free will
what is the biological perspective?
examines how brain processes, genes & hormones influence behaviour
what is the sociocultural perspective?
studies how social & cultural environments shape behaviour
What is the evolutionary perspective?
explains behaviour in terms of adaptation & natural selection
what is critical thinking in psychology?
evaluating evidence, identifying biases & avoiding pseudoscience