adolescent development final

What is stereotype threat?

Anxiety/stress when a person can confirm/deny stereotypes about their social group.

When did OCPs ban cellphones?

2023

What was school like a century ago for adolescents?

Going to secondary school was rare; families needed teens to contribute economically.

What percentage of adolescents were enrolled in school in 1890 vs. 1920 in the US?

5% in 1890 vs. 30% in 1920

What percentage of adolescents were enrolled in school in 1970 in the US?

90%

Name a type of education expanded in the 1970s schools.

Liberal arts education

Name factors are influence school performance?

School size and climate, relationships between school, family, peers, and work, parents' expectations.

Which has a greater influence, parents or peers?

Peers' influence is greater than parents' influence

How does working long hours affect grades?

Lower grades, more likely to cheat, more likely to skip class.

Name three characteristics of effective schools mentioned in the lecture.

supportive and involved teachers, consistent discipline, high standards

Name some effects of good school climates.

Higher attendance, higher test scores, lower rates of delinquency, lower levels of depression, higher rates of participation.

What are some effects of school transitions?

Academic motivation drops, grades drop, increase in delinquency, increase in emotional problems.

What is stage-environment fit theory?

Quality of individuals experiences influenced by social/learning environments fit the adolescents needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence.

What are the consequences of mismatch in dulpmntI needs?

reduces motivation, behavioral probs

What are some impacts on achievement SES and cultural values?

SES+ Cultural values impact achievement. positive peer relationships boost motivation + engagement supportive communities enhance academic achievement , while poverty enhances it.

What were some effects of COVID-19 remote learning?

Decreased sig.decline in math + engagement reduced interactionw/peers+ teachers reading scores Isolation + stress negatively impact mentalhealth.

Name internalizing problems.

Depression, anxiety, and eating disorders.

What is comorbidity?

Internalizing problems that tend to go together.

Name externalizing problems.

Delinquency, fighting, substance use, risky driving, and unprotected sex.

What are the characteristics of under-controlled people?

More common for boys, tending to be impulsive and lacking self-control.

Give examples of healthy anxiety.

Keeps us alert, protective function/prepare for challenges

Give examples of unhealthy anxiety.

Excessive anxiety, frequent or disruptive to life/daily activities.

What is Osgood's theory on deviancy?

Teens behave deviantely w/ combination of propensity(motivationfordeviance) and sufficient opportunity.

What risks are associated with social media loneliness?

Social media loneliness can paradoxically increase Ionieness-despite the belief it will foster connections

What are some negative peer influences of social media?

Exposure to content depicting illegal/dangerous behaviors can influence reduce teens' inhibition towards these behaviors esp.when postsare liked.

How does addiction relate to social media?

Social media use can lead to problematic behaviors, similar to substance use.

How can frequent social media use alter brain development?

Esp. in regions associated wh social rewards + self-control.

Name the three types of stresses experienced by adolescents.

Life events, daily hassles, and chronic life stress.

What is unstructured socializing (Wayne Osgood)?

Osgoods term includesbehaviors like ridingaround in acar for fun,going to parties , going shopping

Define resilience.

Overcoming adverse environmental circumstances to achieve healthy development.