Exam I- Genetic Drift, Migration, & Mutation + Misconceptions

bottleneck effect

magnification of genetic drift as a result of natural events or catastrophes

founder effect

event that initiates an allele frequency change in part of the population, which is not typical of the original population

genetic drift

effect of chance on a population’s gene pool

gene flow

flow of alleles in and out of a population due to the movement of individuals or gametes

aka migration

mutation

changes to an organism's DNA, ultimate source for new alleles

inversely

population and the magnitude of drift are (directly OR inversely) related.

loss

allele frequency falls to 0—> reduces genetic diversity

fixation

allele frequency rises to 1—→ reduces genetic diversity

neutral mutations

mutations that have no effect on fitness

deleterious mutations

mutations that have a negative effect on fitness

population genetics

study of how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time

gene pool

all the alleles that the individuals in the population carry