AP Chem - Things to Memorize!

also, study VSEPR and compound naming (especially acids)

Acetate, -1

C₂H₃O₂

Carbonate, -2

CO₃

Sulfate, -2

SO₄

Sulfite, -2

SO₃

Hydroxide, -1

OH

Nitrate, -1

NO₃

Phosphate, -3

PO₄

Ammonium, +1

NH₄

Nitrite, -1

NO₂

Phosphite, -3

PO₃

All of Group 1A, Ammonium, Nitrate

Which molecules are ALWAYS SOLUBLE (just from the three basic solubility rules on the sheet)

Bicarbonate (or Hydrogen Carbonate), -1

HCO₃

Hypochlorite, -1

ClO

Chlorite, -1

ClO₂

Chlorate, -1

ClO₃

Perchlorate, -1

ClO₄

Bisulfate (or Hydrogen Sulfate), -1

HSO₄

Biphosphate (or Hydrogen Phosphate), -2

HPO₄

Dihydrogen Phosphate, -1

H₂PO₄

Permanganate, -1

MnO₄

Chromate, -2

CrO₄

Dichromate, -2

Cr₂O₇

Peroxide, -2

O₂

Oxalate, -2

C₂O₄

Cyanide, -1

CN

Thiocyanate, -1

SCN

mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca

Write the covalent bond prefixes from 1 → 10.

(mono, di, tri, …)

Sublimation

Going directly from a solid to a gas

Deposition

Going directly from a gas to a solid

HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO4, HSO4

List all of the strong acids

Ag

List all of the aluminum slide +1 elements

Zn, Cd

List all of the aluminum slide +2 elements

Al, Ga, In

List all of the aluminum slide +3 elements

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

List all of the diatomic elements

HCl, HBr, HI, HClO4, H2SO4, HNO3

List all of the strong acids

O is -2 except for H2O2, where it’s -1

H is +1 except for some ionic compounds, where it’s -1

F is -1

Oxidation State rules 2-4 (rules 1, 5, and 6 are obvious)