Psychoanalytic theories

Psychodynamic Theory

The theory that developmental change happens because our internal drives and emotions influence our behavior.

Freud's Psychosexual Stages

Five stages of development proposed by Sigmund Freud, focusing on different erogenous zones and the associated challenges or conflicts.

The Id

Operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate satisfaction for instinctual drives and urges, primarily sexual and aggressive.

The Ego

Operates on the reality principle, mediating between the id's impulses and the superego's restrictions; responsible for rational thinking.

The Superego

Represents moral values and ideals, striving for perfection and regulated by the conscience.

Erikson's Psychosocial Stages

A theory of personality development that incorporates social and cultural influences, outlining eight stages where individuals face specific crises.

Trust vs. Mistrust

The first psychosocial stage in Erikson's theory, where infants learn to trust caregivers to meet their needs.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

The second stage in Erikson's theory, focusing on toddlers developing a sense of independence.

Initiative vs. Guilt

The third psychosocial stage, where preschoolers imitate role models and learn self-control.

Identity vs. Role Confusion

The fifth psychosocial stage where adolescents explore their personal identity and career goals.

Generativity vs. Self-Absorption

The seventh stage, where middle adults contribute to society and feel a sense of purpose.

Integrity vs. Despair

The final psychosocial stage, focusing on older adults reflecting on their life achievements.