BIOL 162 - Chapter 11: Musculoskeletal System Part 3

Brachium

Upper arm

Antebrachium

Forearm

Radius

Lower arm bone on the same side as your thumn

Head (radius)

Proximal: Disk-shaped with the middle of the disk indented; articulates with the capitulum of the humerus
Distal: other end

Radial tuberosity

Large bump distal to the proximal head of the radius as an attachment point for a muscle; always points medially toward the ulna in anatomical position

Ulna

Lower arm bone on the same side as pinky finger

Trochlear notch

This is the notch that is the most obvious feature of the proximal end of the ulna. Its smooth surface faces anteriorly and articulates with the trochlea of the humerus

Olecranon process

This process forms the superior bony portion of the trochlear notch

Coronoid process

This process forms the inferior bony portion of the trochlear notch

Radial notch

Near the coronoid process on the lateral side of the ulna, articulates with the proximal head of the radius; always faces laterally in anatomical position

Ulnar tuberosity

Bump on the anterior surface of the ulna, just distal to the coronoid process. Like the tuberosity of the radius, it is also an attachment point for a muscle

Carpals

8 wrist bones which allow you to move your wrist in many directions

Metacarpals

5 hand bones that form the palm; articulate proximally with the second row of carpals and distally with the phalanges

First metacarpal

Fifth metacarpal

Phalanges

Finger and toe bones (14 on each)

Proximal phalanx of digit __

Middle phalanx of digit __

Distal phalanx of digit __

No

Does digit I have a middle phalanx?

Rotator Cuff

Comprised of four muscles that work together to pull the head of the humerus against the glenoid cavity (subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor). When contracting individually, these muscles will rotate the head of the humerus medially, laterally, or superiorly (abduction)

Subscapularis

medially rotates arm

Supraspinatus

abducts arm

Infraspinatus

rotates arm laterally

Teres minor

rotates arm laterally

Teres major

extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm

Pectoralis major

Adducts and flexes humerus

Latissimus dorsi

extends and adducts humerus

Deltoid

shoulder; abducts arm

Biceps brachii

Flexes and supinates forearm

Biceps

Indicates that there are two heads, the long and short heads, of the biceps brachii muscle

Brachialis

flexes forearm

Triceps brachii

extends forearm

Triceps

Indicates that there are three heads, the long, lateral, and medial heads, of the triceps brachii