Social work midterm

SWRK- Human Behaviour and the Social Environment

Thomas Khun’s “Paradigm”

the entire constellation of beliefs, values, techniques and so on shared by the members of a given community

Ontology

what we see as real

Epistemology

the means we use to gain and use knowledge to verify reality

Axiology 

the ethical dimensions flowing from our view of reality and the process of generating knowledge to confirm that our view of reality is correct 

Conceptual framework

helps us to continue to organize and clarify concepts and suggest relationships among the concepts, using multiple concepts to explain something  

Practice Models

provides specific approaches to people's needs (teaching problem solving skills) 

Methodology

the overall approach taken in effort to validate a theory  

Metaphor

giving a thing a name that belongs to something else “Education is the key to success” key meaning the importance of education for your future or the potential to open more doors

Dimentions of traditional paradigm

positivistic, scientific, objective, quantitative, masculinity, whiteness, separate/competitive, privilege  

Dimensions of the alternative paradigm

interpretive, intuitive, subjective, qualitative, feminism/ queer theory, diversity, interconnected/collaborative, oppressions  

Positivism

the world exists externally and is separate from the researcher 

Scientific Approach

observe, create a hypothesis on what was observed, use hypothesis to predict outcomes, test predictions by doing experiments and making additional observations and modify the hypothesis, do step 3 and 4 until there is no difference between hypothesis, experiments and observations 

Objective Approach 

reality exists outside of consciousness 

Hegemonic masculinity

a set of values established by men in power that organized society in unequal ways  

Subordinate masculinity

men with less power who do not meet the requirements of hegemonic  

Interpretivism

some of the world cannot be understood through natural sciences  

Cultural Competence

the process by which individuals and systems respond respectfully to all individuals we work with regardless of culture, classes, languages, races etc.  

Cultural Humility

allows us to accept that our knowledge about other cultures is limited  

Functionalism

the institutions and parts of society operate as a system and create social balance  

Conflict theory

society is based on individuals competing for scarce resources  

symbolic interactionism theory

focuses on how humans interact with and amongst each other 

Social constructionism

focuses on reality as constructed by humans through social interactions and the meanings that we draw from those interactions about the people and the world around us  

Conscientization

social change can come because of intensive reflection on oneself in relation to society  

conceptualized empowerment

the process of increasing personal, interpersonal or political power to improve the lives of marginalized people 

Critical race theory

questions traditional assumptions about the law and if it is neutral in terms of colour 

Microaggressions

slight snubs and insults directed towards minorities 

Differential vulnerability

a model that all forms of oppression need to be prioritized within social work education 

complex adaptive system theory

systems can and do adapt in their environment and effect the environment systems  

Agents

individual, groups, organizations, communities or families we work with  

Psychoanalytic theory

focuses on the structure of the mind  

Piagetian theory

developmental and focuses on cognitive development within children into adults 

Cognitive developmental theory

does not recognize differences in developmental experiences resulting from gender and culture  

Kohlberg's theory

developing moral dilemmas, deciding what is right and wrong  

Behavioral theory

psychological events can be explained in terms of observable behavior, this approach should be based solely on scientific approaches 

The lifespan perspective

development is a lifelong process and all stages are equally important