Bio

bio

What are the characteristics of life?

• must have cells

• genetic code

• metabolism (makes energy)

• growth and Development

• reproduction

• adaption/evolution

• response to stimuli

• homeostasis

True or False? Only some of the characteristics of life is needed to prove its a organism.

False

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #1

When cosmic dust goes unswept

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #2

Extended forecast for Earth: 40 million years of rain

Why did it rain for 40 million years?

There was a increase of humidity due to the volcanoes on earth.

What did the 40 million years of rain create

Oceans

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #3

The primordial soup

What was the primordial soup?

an oxygen-free gaseous mixture containing chiefly water, hydrogen, methane, ammonia, and carbon dioxide.

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #4

O2 factory grand opening

What was the O2 factory?

It was when photosynthesizing organisms caused oxygen to enter the atmosphere

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #5

The eukaryotic cell

What did eukaryotic cells evolve from?

procaryotic cell

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #6

Sperm meets egg

which came first. Unicellular or Multicellular organisms

Unicellular

How did Multicellular organisms reproduce?

Two multicellular organisms come together, and both their sex cells combine to make offspring.

How does a unicellular organism reproduce?

they do asexual reproduction and usually multiply.

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #7

Plants race animals to land

Which organisms came to land first? Plants or Animals?

Plants

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #8

Mammals came

Which came first, reptiles or mammals?

reptiles

How were mammals able to survive when they first came?

After all 8 sequences happened, they had something to live and eat from.

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #9

Trouble in Pangea

What was the trouble in pangea?

The continental drift theory: the continents weren't fixed and over time they drifted apart.

What sequence of events led to life on this planet as we know it today? #10

Homosapieans came.

True or false? Humans evolved from apes.

False

True or false? Humans evolved from homosapieans

True

what is the big bang theory?

all matter was concentrated in one mass that blew apart 14-15 billion years ago.

When was earth formed?

4.6 billion years ago

True or False? Gasses escaped from volcanic eruptions and helped to form our early atmosphere.

True

Does not have an electrical charge. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Neutron

Found in the nucleus. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Proton and Neutron

Positively Charged. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Proton

Moves in energy levels. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Electron

Negatively charged. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Electron

Has nearly no mass. Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Electron

Added together to make the mass number or atomic mass (weight). Protons, neutrons, or Electron?

Proton and Neutron

Types of Elements

alkali metals, alkaline earth, transition metal, basic metal, metalloid, nonmetal, halogen, noble gas, lanthanoid, actinoid

Atomic radius

the size of an atom. The distance from the nucleus to the furthest out electron in the electron cloud

Electronegravity

the measure of all atoms attractions to electrons.

electron affinity

atom that gains electron.

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy needed to remove an electron from an atom.

Low ionization

really easy to take electron from atom

high ionization

difficult to take electron from atom

Two major types of compounds

organic and inorganic

True or false. Inorganic compounds contain carbon with hydrogen

False

True or false. inorganic compounds can be made by/found in living things

True

Examples of Inorganic

H2O, Nacl, CO2, O2

How much precent of of water is in an organism.

70%

Where can we find water in organisms?

cytosol cell, vacuole of plants, blood, etc.

Do organic compounds contain contain carbon with hydrogen. Yes or no

Yes

True or false. Organic compounds are not produced by living things

False

True or false. Organic compounds don't contain strong covalent bonds

False

Organic compounds examples:

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Which type of organisms had to evolve before O2 was present in the atmosphere in large amounts.

Anaerobic organisms

Todays atmosphere is very different from the atmosphere of the early earth. The gasses that are present in todays atmosphere are

oxygen, nitrogen, argon/carbon dioxide

Energ sources

1. UV radiation

2. Heat from radioactive rocks collisions/earth's formation

3. Geothermal (volcanic eruption)

4. Lightning

The electrons that orbit the nucleus of an atom are arranged into...

shells

The first shell contained up to how many electrons

2

The second shell contained up to how many electrons

8

Two types of chemical bonds

Ionic & Covalent bonds

Ionic bonding

giving electrons away

Covalently bonding molecules

Electrons are shared

Two types of covalent bonds

polar and nonpolar covalent bonds

water is an example of polar or non polar molecules

polar

Nonpolar Covalent bonds

Equal sharing of electrons

Polar Covalent Bonds

Partial sharing of electrions

Ionic bond

No sharing

Many of the organic compounds producted by living things are so large they are called:

macromolecules

Most macromolecules are formed through a process called:

polymerization

Polymerization is in which larger copunds are built by ________________ smaller ones together

joining/bonding

The samller repeatig solo units are called ________

monomers

True or false? Monomers can be identical or different from one another

True

Many monomers together are called

pollymers

Two monomers joint together are called

dimers

The four types of biologically important organic marcromolecules

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic acids, proteins

Examples of food with carbohydrates

Bread, rice, sugar, pasta, potatoes, grains, Milk (lactose)

Examples of food with lipids

Butter, fatty meat, oil (olive/corn), fish, lard, dairy

examples of food with nucleic acid

All foods that contain cells, DNA/RNA

Examples of food with proteins

meat, beans, fish, dairy, nuts

examples of food with nucleic acid

All foods that contain cells, DNA/RNA

True or false? Monomers can be identical or different from one another

True

Ionic bond

Covalently bonding molecules

Electrons are shared

Salt (organic or inorganic)

inorganic

glucose (organic or inorganic)

organic

water (organic or inorganic)

inorganic

heating oil (organic or inorganic)

organic

chitin {protein} (organic or inorganic)

organic

thymine {a nitrogenous base} (organic or inorganic)

organic

sulfuric acid (organic or inorganic)

inorganic