Unit 2 Review Packet- AP Human Geography

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to population statistics, demographic transitions, migration, and related concepts in AP Human Geography.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in a society.

Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

Percentage by which a population grows in a year; subtract CDR from CBR after converting to percentages.

Doubling Time

The number of years needed to double a population assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

Measure the number of births in a society.

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

Annual number of deaths of infants under one year of age, compared with total live births.

Life Expectancy

Measures the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live at current mortality rates.

Dependency Ratio

Number of people who are too young or too old to work, compared to the number of people in productive years.

Sex Ratio

Number of males per hundred females in the population.

Physiological Density

The number of people supported by a unit area of arable land.

Arithmetic Density

The total number of people divided by total land area.

Agricultural Density

The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land.

Anti-natalist Policies

Population policies where a government tries to reduce fertility.

Pro-natalist Policies

Population policies where a government tries to increase fertility.

Demographic Transition Model

Shows the transition of a country from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

Migration

A permanent move to a new location.

Emigration

Movement from one region of a country to another.

Immigration

Permanent movement from one country to another.

Net Migration

The difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants.

Push Factor

Induces people to move out of a present location.

Pull Factor

Induces people to move into a new location.

Refugees

People who have been forced to migrate from their homes and cannot return for fear of persecution.

Asylum Seekers

A person who has moved across international borders in search of protection and filed a claim for asylum.

Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

A person who is forcibly uprooted within their country but has not crossed an international border.

Transhumance

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.

Step Migration

Migration is gradual and occurs in steps, often from rural to urban.

Chain Migration

Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of nationality previously migrated there.

Quota

Max limits on the number of people that could immigrate to a country from each country in a year period.