Lesson 0 - Introduction to Science (January 25, 2026)

LOUIS PASTEUR

Who stated this quote?

“SCIENCE KNOWS NO COUNTRY,

BECAUSE KNOWLEDGE BELONGS

TO HUMANITY, AND IS THE TORCH

WHICH ILLUMINATES THE

WORLD. " -________________

Knowledge

is a familiarity, awareness, or

understanding of someone or

something, such as facts, information,

descriptions, or skills, which is acquired

through experience or education by

perceiving, discovering, or learning.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

My parents taught me this, so it

must be true.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

Everyone in my circle of friends

believes it, so it must be true

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

The news (ABS-CBN, GMA, TV5, CNN) reported this, so it must be true.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

My political leader or political party said this, so it must be true.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge passed down through

traditions, customs, values,

language, and practices of a

particular cultural group.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Shared by members of a

community.

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Often informal and transmitted

orally

CULTURE BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Includes stories, rituals, clothing,

cuisine, art, and social norms.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

My teacher taught me this, so it

must be true.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

I read it in a book, so it must be

true.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge formally acquired

through academic instruction in

schools, colleges, and

universities.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Structured and systematic.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Often validated through exams or

certifications.

EDUCATION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Includes both theoretical and

practical learning.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

The bible tells me so, so it must

be true.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

My pastor tells me so, so it must

be true.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

Everyone in my church believes

it, so it must be true.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge derived from sacred

texts, religious teachings,

spiritual leaders, and faith-based

experiences.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Influences moral values and

beliefs.

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Often considered absolute or

sacred by followers

RELIGION BASED KNOWLEDGE

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

May be passed through rituals,

sermons, and scriptures.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

I personally experienced this, so

it must be true.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

Someone I know experienced

this, so it must be true.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

My intuition tells me it is true.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

Knowledge gained through

personal life experiences and

internal insights that are not

always logical or evidence-based.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Subjective and unique to

individuals.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Includes emotional and sensory

experiences.

PERSONAL EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE BASED ON INTUITION

What knowledge characteristics is being describe?

Often includes “gut feelings” or

instincts.

• Culture Based Knowledge

• Education Based Knowledge

• Religion Based Knowledge

• Personal Experiential Knowledge and Knowledge Based on Intuition

What are the four kinds of knowledge?

knowledge

How do we know what we think we

know?

There are a variety of ways in which we

obtain what we sometimes call?