Livestock Judging CDE

The breed of cattle that was developed on the King Ranch in Texas and consists of 3/8
Brahman and 5/8 Shorthorn is called:

Santa Gertrudis

A breed of cattle that originated in Scotland that has a smooth hair coat, black in color,
polled, and is one of the most popular breeds in the United States today:

Angus

:The breed of swine which is white in color with erect ears and used extensively in
commercial operations for the maternal characteristics is the:

Yorkshire

The breeds of cattle with origin in Europe such as Charolais, Simmental, and Limousin
are usually referred to as:

Continental breeds

The record of the ancestors of a particular animal is recorded in its:

pedigree

The most prevalent fine-wool breed of sheep in the United States is the:

Rambouillet.

An objectionable inherited defect in swine known as a whorl is actually a(n) :

hair disturbance

The class of sheep that are evaluated more on the quality of their fleece than other sheep
are known as:

Fine-wool breeds

One common characteristic between Hampshire, Yorkshire, and Berkshire swine is:

erect ears

Breeds of cattle that are used for both milk and meat production are considered to be:

dual-purpose breeds

Beef cattle or sheep born without horns are commonly referred to as:

polled

Which major swine breed originated in England, with the major development of the breed
occurring in Kentucky? Originally known as the Thin Rind.

Hampshire

One common characteristic between Yorkshire, Landrace, and Chester Whites is:

color

Which state produces the most hogs?

Iowa

Which of the following breeds of swine is best on performance of litter size?

Yorkshire

Which state produces the most beef cattle?

Texas

Which breed of beef cattle imported from France was originally used as draft animals?

Maine-Anjou

The first American breed of beef cattle was the:

Texas Longhorn

The first breed of beef cattle imported to the United States in the late 1700's was the:

Shorthorn

The first of the Continental breeds to be imported in the United States:

Charolais

The most popular breed of registered medium wool sheep in the United States is the:

Hampshire

More than one-half of all the crossbred sheep in the United States carry some percentage
of the particular breed.

Rambouillet

Beef cattle categorized as American breeds have what breed as a genetic base?

Brahman

Which exotic breed of cattle originated from Italy?

Chianina

What breed of cattle used in the United States came from Australia?

Murray Grey

What is an animal resulting from the mating of two different breeds?

crossbred

Which breed of cattle descended from Spanish Andalusian cattle brought over by
Columbus on his second voyage?

Texas Longhorn

The most prevalent breed of sheep in the world is the:

Merino

What is a free-roaming "wild" animal that was once domesticated called?

feral

What trait of a hog refers to its ability to raise large litters of pigs?

maternal quality

Which common breed of swine was imported to the United States from Denmark?

Landrace

What do Hampshires, Polands, and Berkshires have in common?

color

Which breed of swine is considered the oldest?

Berkshire

Which of the following breeds of swine is best on performance of litter size?

Landrace

What country produces the most swine?

China

Which of the following countries has the most sheep?

Australia

The majority of composite breeds of cattle in the United States use what breed as a
foundation?

Brahman

Which of the following breeds of cattle did not originate in Italy?

Maine Anjou

Modern domestic cattle evolved from what single early ancestor?

Aurochs

Which of the following breeds of sheep based on popularity is the most significant breed
in the world?

Corriedale

Which breed of sheep was developed at North Carolina State University?

Polled Dorset

Suffolk sheep ancestry goes back to what breed of sheep?

Southdown

Which of the following breeds of cattle is primarily red in color?

Gelbvieh

Which of the following breeds of cattle is NOT primarily white to gray in color?

Limousin

What breed of sheep that has a distinctive white face originated in Scotland?

Cheviot

Archaeological evidence from the Middle East indicates domestication of the pig
occurred as early as __________ years ago.

9000

Archeology has found evidence that sheep have been domesticated for _________ years.

6000

What breed of hair sheep originated in Texas?

Barbado

Animals that through selection and breeding have come to resemble one another and pass
those traits uniformly to their offspring are defined as:

a breed

Meat provides about what percent of the animal protein consumed in the world?

35%

Which breed of swine does not have a predominant red color?

Poland China

Which breed of swine developed in the United States originated in the state of New York
/ New Jersey?

Duroc

Nutrients, which an animal can synthesize for growth and maintenance, are in a category
called:

non-essential nutrients

Which animals cannot synthesize all of the required amino acids?

swine

Vitamins that are not stored in the body and need to be consumed everyday are:

water soluble vitamins

Organic compounds, which are the building blocks in the formation of proteins, are:

amino acids

What is the basic energy feed used in hog rations?

corn

Feed additives in swine rations that control internal parasites are:

anthelmintics

Sheep rations typically consists of 80 to 90 percent:

roughage

The recommended protein percent of a grower ration for swine from weaning to 75
pounds is:

16%

Which of the following vitamins is in the category of water-soluble?

Vitamin B

Which of the following minerals is categorized as a macro mineral?

Calcium

Wheat bran and animal fat are feed concentrates that are classified as:

processing by-products

Which protein concentrate is limited to use by ruminants?

urea

Feedstuffs such as hay and silage are classified as:

roughages

A complex protein produced by living cells that causes changes in other substances in the
body without being changed itself and without becoming a part of the product is a(n):

enzyme

Amino acids are the building blocks of:

protein

Feed that is provided to young animals as an extra ration and is fed in an area that is
inaccessible to the mothers is called a:

creep feed

Vitamins that are stored in the body and need not be consumed everyday are:

fat soluble

What feedstuff contributes most of the carbohydrates in swine rations?

corn

The ability to initiate, sustain, and support reproduction.

fertility

Which of the following vitamins is in the category of water-soluble?

Vitamin C

How well an animal likes or accepts a feed is referred to as the:

palatability

What is the most important nutrient in a swine ration?

water

The total protein contained in a feed is ________ protein.

crude

Which of the following minerals is a trace mineral?

selenium

Which of the following elements is not a component of a carbohydrate?

Nitrogen

Fats and oils provide _________ times more energy than do carbohydrates,

2.25

An essential or non-essential element or compound in a food or feed is a(n):

nutrient

Which of the following feeds is highest in total digestible nutrients (TDN)?

corn

Which feed uses fermentation in order to increase palatability?

silage

The largest compartment of the ruminant stomach is the:

rumen

Feed additives used to prevent disease and promote growth are:

antibiotics

Rations formulated to keep an animal at its current weight and size is a _________ ration.

maintenance

The feed component containing the most easily digested carbohydrates is the:

nitrogen free extract

Which of the following is NOT required on a feed tag?

price per CWT

Which of the following is water-soluble vitamin?

pantothenic acid

Carbohydrates make up approximately __________ percent of a ration.

75%

A single stomach animal can synthesize ________ of the 22 required amino acids.

12

Ruminant animals can synthesize ________ of the 22 required amino acids.

22

Swine are in a class of animals that consume both plants and meat known as:

omnivores

Calves younger than 3 months of age sold for slaughter are:

veal

The average feed conversion ratio for beef cattle on full feed is:

6:1-7:1

The first milk produced by a ewe after giving birth is known as:

colostrum

The physical appearance of an animal is known as:

phenotype

The removal of the testicles from a male animal is:

castration

Feeder calves classed as yearlings usually weigh:

550 to 700 lbs

The critical stage of production in livestock when giving birth to their offspring is:

parturition

The secretion and production of milk in sheep, cattle and swine is known as:

lactation

The first milk produced by a cow after giving birth is known as:

colostrum