LESSON 11

Heat energy we receive from the sun.

THERMAL ENERGY

The 4 special laws that deal with energy and all of matter.

LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS

The study of thermal energy.

THERMODYNAMICS

There is no transfer of heat between 2 objects in thermal equilibrium.

ZEROTH LAW

Energy and matter can never be created or destroyed.

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

The universe is always becoming less and less disordered or organized.

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

A measure of disorder.

ENTROPY

The entropy of something approaches its minimum as it is cooled toward absolute zero.

THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Atoms in motion.

HEAT

The hotter item between heat source and heat sink.

HEAT SOURCE

The item receiving the heat.

HEAT SINK

Energy that moves through space.

RADIATION

Heat that moves through empty space.

RADIANT HEAT

Heat that transfers in liquids and gases.

CONVECTION

When heated air over the land rises and air over the ocean rushes in to fill the space that the air left.

SEA BREEZE

When air rises over the sea and air from land flows in to replace it.

LAND BREEZE

Occurs when the heat source and the heat sink are connected through matter.

CONDUCTION

A chemical process in which some material reacts quickly with oxygen to give off heat.

COMBUSTION

The things we need to have fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen.

FIRE TRIANGLE

A temperature at which something will light on fire.

IGNITION TEMPERATURE

Measures how active the molecules are in a substance.

TEMPERATURE

Temperature scale used mainly in the U.S.; water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F.

FAHRENHEIT

Temperature scale used by most countries; water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C.

CELSIUS

Temperature scale used by scientists based on absolute zero.

KELVIN

When things heat up and they expand.

THERMAL EXPANSION