LESSON 11

THERMAL ENERGY - heat energy we receive from the sun

LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS - the 4 special laws that deal with energy and all of matter

THERMODYNAMICS - the study of thermal energy

ZEROTH LAW - there is no transfer of heat between 2 objects on the thermal equilibrium

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - energy and matter can never be created or destroyed

SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - the universe is always becoming less and less disordered or organized

ENTROPY - measure of disorder

THIRD LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS - the entropy of something approaches its minimum as its cooled toward absolute zero

HEAT - atoms in motion

HEAT SOURCE - the hotter item between heat source and heat sink

HEAT SINK - the item receiving the heat

RADIATION - energy that moves through space

RADIANT HEAT - heat that moves through empty space

CONVECTION - heat that transfers in liquids and gases

SEA BREEZE - when air thats heated over the land rises the air over the ocean rushes to fil the space that the air left

LAND BREEZE - when air rises over the sea and air from land flows in to replace it.

CONDICTION - occurs when the heat source and the heat sink are connected through matter

COMBUSTION - a chemical process in which some material reacts quickly with oxygen to give off heat

FIRE TRIANGLE - the things we need to have fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen

IGNITION TEMPERATURE - a temperature at which something will light on fire

TEMPERATURE - measures how active the molecules are in a substance

FAHRENHEIT - what americans and some other countries use to measure temperature. Water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees

CELSIUS - what everyone else measures temperature in water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees 

KELVIN - form of measuring temperature only used by scientists scales using the coldest temperature and the hottest temperature of an object. 

THERMAL EXPANSION - when things heat up and they expand