blood pressure

pulse pressure formula

systolic pressure - diastolic pressure

mean arterial pressure formula

diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure

pulse pressure formula

systolic pressure - diastolic pressure

mean arterial pressure formula

diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure

stroke volume (mL/beat) formula

101 + (0.5 x systolic pressure) - (1.09 x diastolic pressure) - (0.61 x age)

cardiac output (mL/min) formula

stroke volume x pulse rate

percent change formula

final-initial/initial x 100

systolic pressure

peak arterial pressure, during ventricular contraction

diastolic pressure

lowest arterial pressure, during ventricular relaxation

pulse pressure

amount of blood forced from the heart during systole

formal name of blood pressure cuff

sphygmomanometer

distensibility

ability of a vessel to expand to increasing blood volume; decreases with age

hypertension

unacceptably high arterial pressure

transient hypertension

can arise from fever, emotional upset, and physical exertion that causes the systolic pressure to rise as a normal adaption to the situation

chronic hypertension

caused by weakened blood vessels and results in inadequate blood flow to the rest of the body; major cause of heart failure

essential hypertension

hereditary disorder caused by a decreased renal blood flow and a failure to excrete adequate amounts of salt and water unless the arterial blood pressure is high

preeclampsia

hypertension that develops after the 20th week of pregnancy

heart rate

the number of times the heart beats in one minute

pulse

alternating surges of pressure (expansion and recoil) in an artery that occur with each contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle