Senses/Perception

gestalt

an organized whole- sensations are usually organized into clusters

figure-ground

organization of visual field into objects that stand out from surroundings

what does form perception group together?

stimuli

ex: proximity, closure, similarity

depth perception

2d images organized into 3d

visual cliff

a study used on children to prove depth perception

ex: draw a steep cliff and they believe it is there

binocular cues

depth cues dependent on 2 eyes

retinal dispority

difference between the images from each eye

monocular cues

depth cues that need one eye

ex: light and shadow effect

How does the brain compute motion?

as retreating and enlarging

How is continous movement perceived?

rapid imagery

phi phenomenon

the illusion of movement by blinking lights

perceptual constancy

ability to reorganize objects without being tricked by changes

ex: a line is the same size despite arrows making one seem larger

what does lightness depend on?

relative luminance

color constancy

perceiving familiar objects with consistent colors even if illumination alters

what influences perception?

context, experiences, culture, upbringing, beliefs, expectations, and values

the difference in perception is the origin of what?

biases and prejudices

top down

perception driven

ex: using what you already know to identify

bottom up

basic sensory

ex: /-\ A /-\

Why may odor perception vary?

culture

selective attention

directing your focus