Year 9 History Revision Flashcards

Flashcards covering key topics from the Year 9 History revision booklet, including World War I, Interwar Years, and World War II.

What were the MAIN causes of WW1?

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism.

What were the two alliance groups that existed before WW1?

Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.

Why was Franz Ferdinand assassinated in 1914?

Bosnian Serbs wanted Austria-Hungary to leave Bosnia and planned to assassinate the heir to the Austrian throne.

What was trench warfare and why was it dangerous?

A type of land warfare using occupied fighting lines largely comprising military trenches, in which troops are largely protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery. It was dangerous due to difficult conditions with mud, water, diseases, and constant threat of enemy fire.

What happened during the Battle of the Somme and what made it so deadly?

The British army launched an offensive in the trenches near the river Somme to divert German troops from Verdun. On the first day, British soldiers were ordered to walk across no man's land to capture the German trenches, but German machine guns opened fire, resulting in heavy casualties.

What was the Treaty of Versailles and how did Germans respond to it?

A peace agreement that marked the end of World War One. Germans felt it was unfair because they were not invited to the conference but were expected to agree to and sign the treaty.

What was the Wall Street Crash and how did it impact the USA and Germany?

A major stock market crash that occurred in October 1929. It had a global impact, leading to economic depression in the USA and Germany.

What were Nazi policies towards women, children, and the unemployed?

Women were encouraged to be mothers and housewives. Children were educated to support Nazi ideology. The unemployed were given jobs through the Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD).

What was appeasement and how did it lead to WW2?

A policy of giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to avoid war. It allowed Hitler to expand Germany's territory, emboldening him and leading to further aggression.

What was Dunkirk and was it a success or failure?

The evacuation of British and French soldiers from Dunkirk in 1940. It was a success in that many soldiers were rescued, but a failure in that large amounts of equipment were left behind.

What happened during the Battle of Britain and why was it a success for Britain?

The German Air Force (Luftwaffe) tried to gain air superiority over Britain. It was a success for Britain because the Royal Air Force (RAF) successfully defended British skies.

How was Britain impacted by the Blitz?

Britain was impacted by the Blitz with German bombing raids targeting cities and industrial areas.

What happened during the Battle of Stalingrad and why was it a failure for Germany?

A major battle on the Eastern Front where German forces were defeated by the Soviet Union. It was a failure for Germany due to heavy casualties and a turning point in the war.

What happened during the D-Day landings?

Allied forces landed on the beaches of Normandy, France, marking the start of the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi occupation.

What happened to Pearl Harbor in 1941?

Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, which led to the U.S. entering World War II.

What were the atomic bombs on Japan and was it justified?

The United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. Whether it was justified is a topic of debate, with arguments focusing on ending the war quickly versus the immense loss of civilian lives.