Developmental Biology Laboratory - Cell Organelles

Nuclear pore

Allows material to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Nuclear pore

Controls what enters and leaves the nucleus

nucleus

The control center of the cell

Nucleus

Stores DNA and coordinates activites like growth, metabolism, and reproduction

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Covered with ribosomes

rough endoplasmic reticulum

produces and modifies proteins that will be exported or sent to the cell membrane

ribosomes

build proteins by assembling amino acids

ribosomes

can float in the cytoplasm or attach to the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Nucleoplasm

Jelly-like substance inside the nucleus

nucleoplasm

Supports the nucleus and helps transport materials within it

Nucleolus

Makes ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Nucleolus

produces ribosome subunits

Nuclear envelope

Double membrane surrounding the nucleus

Nuclear envelope

protects DNA and contains nuclear pores for transport

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Makes lipids, hormones, and steroids

Smooth endoplsmic reticulum

Detoxifies harmful substances

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

stores calcium (specially in muscle cells)

Golgi apparatus

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. Sends them to their destinations (inside or outside the cell).

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell

Mitochondria

Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration

Lysosome

Break downs waste, damaged organelles, and unwanted molecules

Lysosome

Contains digestive enzymes

Peroxisomes

Break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful chemicals

Peroxisomes

Produce and break down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

Cell membrane

Controls what enters and exits the cell

Cell membrane

Provides protection, structure, and communication

Cell membrane

Made of a phospholipid bilayer