Wellness Ch 14 Vocab

National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health

an authoritative and governmental source; addresses ever-increasing array to modalities; distinguishes complementary therapy, alternative therapy, and integrative therapy

complementary therapy

nonmainstream practice that uses CAM in conjunction with and as a complement to allopathic traditional medicine

alternative therapy

nonmainstream practice that uses CAM to substitute for standard medicine (ex: herbs vs chemo for cancer)

integrative therapy

total approach that combines standard with CAM

allopathic medicine

system in which physicians and other healthcare professionals (nurses, pharmacists, therapists) treat symptoms and diseases using medications, radiations, lasers, or surgical interventions

allopathy

Conventional biomedicine

holistic health

system of prevention care that takes into account the whole individual, one's own responsibility for one's well being and the total influences (social, psychological, environmental) that affect health (nutrition, exercise, and mental relaxation)

holism

focus on productive, healthy living and considers not only prevention of illness, but the root of the cause of the illness

health

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Affordable Care Act

mandates insurers not discriminate against licensed providers including alternative medicine providers

National Prevention Strategy

tied to ACA, supports prevention, seeks to eliminate health disparities

whole medical systems

complete systems of theories and practices that have evolved culturally over time

Ayurvedic medicine

uses herbs in their natural state, as prepared herbal drugs, massage, and special individualized diets, based on seasons of one's life and one's constitutional type (there's 10 season)

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

evolved over thousands of years in China and includes herbs, acupuncture, and other CAM treatments

qi

life force of circulating through the body's pathway

naturopathy (naturopathic medicine)

first do no harm; illness is seen as a purposeful process of the organism and symptoms are viewed as life forces attempting to heal the organism

homeopathy

administers small amounts of dilute pathogenic substances to stimulate body's healing abilities

nutritional counseling

uses education and diet and supplementation therapeutically as the primary or adjunctive measure to prevent or treat illness

herbal therapy

the use of herbs or their chemical properties to treat specific conditions or to enhance the function of various body systems (boosting the immune system, treating allergies, or preventing a cold)

probiotics

live micro-organisms found in the human digestive tract ("friendly bacteria")

hydrotherapy (water therapy)

use of water at various temperatures or as ice or steam to relieve discomfort and promote physical well-being

aromatherapy (essential oil therapy)

the art and science of using naturally extracted oils from plants to balance, harmonize, and promote health of body, mind, and spirit

spinal or bone manipulation

application of controlled force on a bone or joint and is performed by chiropractors, physical therapists, osteopathic and some conventional physicians

chiropractic medicine

focuses on manipulation of spine and joints, focusing on spinal alignment for optimal funcitoning

cranial and cranisacral therapies

focus on skull an flow of CSF; gentle pressure cranium, spine, sacrum; goal to restore free movement of CSF

physical therapy

various techniques; manipulation of muscle and soft tissue; reduce stress and enhance relaxation

massage

incorporates different techniques in the manipulation of muscles and soft tissues of the body, such as rubbing or kneading, to increase circulation, facilitate healing, and reduce stress and increase relaxation

reflexology

manipulation and energy fields; pressure to hands and feet; pressure points correspond to body organs

visual or guided imagery

encourages individuals to relax by focusing on calming thoughts or experiences

imagery

gentle but powerful technique that focuses and directs imagination; promotes a sense of well-being and help people relax

meditation

method of focused attention to increase relaxation, quiet the mind, and reduce stress

hypotherapy

form of guided relaxation and focused attention of the unconcious mind; recall supressed events and behavior change

biofeedback

relaxation technique focusing on vital functions (HR, BP, breath rate); visualizations to bring about change

qigong

Part of TCM combining relaxed movements with a meditative aspect and controlled breathing to move qi energy through the energy channels and increase vital energy

tai chi

began as Chinese martial arts and combines physical movement, breath control, and meditation in a dance-like sequence of poses based on movements of animals; brings awareness movement to movement state of body; produces meditative state

yoga

meditative movement practice that originated in India as form of spiritual practice and aids in flexibility, agility, balance, and relaxation

dance therapy

movement based, mind-body modality, using dance to allow body and mind to move freely in response to music

energy healing or therapy

involves the use of assumed energy fields to heal and maintain wellness; energy nourishes organs/promotes optimal functioning

energy therapy

release blockages of energy flow, stimulate deficient life energy, and rebalance life energy

acupuncture

manipulates life energy, by stimulating precisely mapped points on the skin surface

meridians

the channels through which chi travels

moxibustion

burning herbs on or over the points to increase point stimulation

accupressure

form of acupuncture, where meridian points are stimulated with pressing, rubbing, squeezing, and stretching movements

shiatsu

uses of sequence of rhythmic pressure on acupressure meridians

touch therapies

practitioners use their hands to direct life energies drawn from environment to individual in an effort to restore balance and harmony within human energy system

reiki

attunement opens energy channel; brings universal energy through body to recipient (japanese)

attunement

opens the energy channel, enabling the student to bring universal energy through the body and to the recipient

therapeutic touch

human energy fields interact with environmental energy fields; 3 elements - centering of practitioner, treatment, and assessment (Martha Rogers)

centering

The process of becoming calm, fully present in the moment, and connected to another individual being treated, allowing the practitioner to give the person undivided attention

healing touch

similar to therapeutic touch but adds full-body techniques for moving energy and disorder-specific energetic interventions to the modulation phase of therapeutic touch

Jin Shin Jyutsu

Uses fingertips pressed to specific healing point combinations to balance energy along specific pathways

polarity therapy

A combination of energy work, caring intention, movement exercises, and dietary regimens and is aimed at clearing energy blockages and building health

prayer

different meanings to different people; common belief aids in recovery; research mixed on therapeutic belief

distant healing

prayer for others, method is prayer circle, sharing of energy and sending of energy to person in need, research didn't validate this therapy

music therapy

uses music/sounds to produce desired changes in behaviors, emotions, physiological processes; influences limbic system (involved with emotions/feelings)

therapeutic presence

a way of being with patients that optimizes the doing therapy

nursing presence

holistic intervention and establishing a therapeutic relationships, nurses are fulfilling the definition of nursing as an art and science

complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)

medical products and practices that are not part of standard medical care

chi

innate energy kept by two forces (yin and yang)

American Holistic Nurse Association

goal is to illuminate holism in nursing practice, community, advocacy, research, and education; defines holistic nursing as nursing practice that heals the whole person

genetics

the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristic; contributes to people's risk of developing many common disease

energy work

holistic interventions; our bodies have energy flowing through them and healing can come from helping to balance this flow

pet therapy

the use of animals as a way to help people cope with and recover from some physical and mental health conditions

presence

being with and attending to another; involvement

wellness

a positive state in which incremental increases in health can be made beyond the midpoint