Parasitology - Endo& Ecto parasite identification

Nematodes - Ascarids

Roundworm

Toxocara canis (d) , Toxocara cati,(c )

Nematodes - hookworm

Dogs - Ancylostoma caninum ,Ancylostoma caninum

Nematode - whipworm

Dogs - Trichuris vulpis
Lemon shaped eggs with a ‘plug’ at each end

Nematode - lungworm

Aleurostrongylus abstrusus(c )
Oslerus osleri (d)
Capillaria aerophila (d&c)

Avain Helminths - Nematodes

Ascardia spp.
Ascaridia galli (chickens)
Ascaridia platyceri (budgerigar and parrots)

Protozoa coccidia, Cystoisospora (canine/feline)

Toxoplasma
Coccidia
Flagellates - Giardia

Cestode- tapeworm

Dipylidium caninum (d&c) - Internediate host (flea)

Name: Ctenocephalides felis , Ctenocephalides canis
Clinical signs: dermatitis
Diagnosis: Fur Brushing/Combing

Tape prep

For identify lice or mites that live primarily on the surface of skin.Especially useful for Cheyletiella and occasionally sarcoptes mites as a large surface area can be sampled quickly.

Steps: 1. a drop oil on slide 2.cut length of sticky tape 3. part hair of animal 4 press tape down on skin to collect debris 5 tranfer to slide, smooth out tape with oil beneth

Cat louse

Felicola subrostratus

Biting/chewing Lice

Trichodectes canis

Sucking Lice

Linognathus setosus

Non burrowing- ‘ear mites’

Otodectes cynotis
sampling - Ear sawb , Tape prep
Ear swab- Rest sampling hand,Direct cotton bud into ear canal roll to collect sample,Roll the collected exudate onto the slide , Visualise directly and microscopically

Non burrowing Mite

Cheyletiella sp- ‘Walking dandruff’

Burrowing Mites

Superficial burrowing  Family Sarcoptidae  Sarcoptes scabiei (dogs)  Notoedres cati (cats)  Trixacarus caviae (guinea pigs)  Knemidoptes spp. (budgies)
Deep  Family Demodicidae  Demodex canis (dogs)

Superficial Scraping

Performed to detect Sarcoptes or Cheyletiella  Sampling area is large
 Apply mineral oil to skin and scalpel blade  Gently scrape in direction of hair growth  Put on a slide  Place coverslip  Evaluate microscopically Scissors to remove hair if necessary

Deep scraping

 Performed to detect demodex  Clip hair with scissors if necessary  Squeeze skin prior to scraping  Apply mineral oil to blade and skin  Scrape in direction of hair growth until capillary bleeding is observed

Trichogram

 Forceps used to pluck hairs in alopecic or partially alopecic area  Place a drop of mineral oil on a slide WHY?  Place hairs on slide and coverslip  Evaluate microscopicall

Mites - Deep burrowing

Demodex canis

cigar shape

Mites- superficial burrowing

Sarcoptes scabiei

Plunger legs , round body,short legs