Studied by 192 people
Algorithm
A defined set of step by step procedures that provides the correct answer to a particular problem
Antegrade amnesia
a type of memory loss that occurs when you can't form new memories
Automatic processing
Any information processing that occurs involuntarily and without conscious intention or control
Availability heuristic
our tendency to think that whatever is easiest for us to recall should provide the best context for future predictions
Babbling stage
A very early stage of language development, in which children spontaneously produce all sorts of sounds
Chunking
the process by which the mind divides large pieces of information into smaller units (chunks) that are easier to retain in short-term memory
Concept
an understanding of a subject or object retained in the mind from experience, reasoning, or imagination
Conformation bias
the tendency of people to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs or hypotheses
Convergent Thinking
a form of deductive reasoning whereby a human can identify a singular solution after evaluating all available solutions
Deep processing
encodes semantically, based on actual meaning associated with the word
Divergent thinking
a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions
Echoic memory
a type of sensory memory that registers and temporarily holds auditory information (sounds)
Effortful processing
Active processing of information that requires sustained effort
Encoding
the conversion of a sensory input into a form capable of being processed and deposited in memory
Explicit memory
the conscious, intentional recollection of factual information, previous experiences, and concepts
Flashbulb memory
An accurate vivid long lasting memory for the circumstances surrounding learning about a dramatic event
Grammer
The set of rules a language obeys for creating words and sentences
Iconic memory
the storage for visual memory that allows people to visualize an image after the physical stimulus is no longer present
Implicit memory
a form of long-term memory that doesn't require any conscious retrieval
Linguistic deterinism
Concept that language and its structures limit and determine human knowledge or thought
Long-term memory
unlimited storage information to be maintained for long periods, even for life
Long-term potentiation
the ability of brain cells to retain how frequently they send signals to other brain cells
Memory
The faculty of encoding, storing, and retrieving information
Mental set
the tendency to stick to solutions that have worked for you in the past when trying to solve a problem
Misinformation effect
when our memory for past events is altered after exposure to misleading information
Mnemonics
a tool that helps you remember an idea or phrase with a pattern of letters, numbers, or relatable associations
Mood-congruent memory
when you can remember something that's happened to you if the memory is matching your current state
Morpheme
The smallest units of speech that convey meaning; meaningful units of sound
One-word stage
the growth period, between around 10 and 18 months or age, whenever kids employ one term at a time
Phoneme
the smallest units of sound that are recognizable as human speech and make words distinct from one another
Prototype
the BEST example or cognitive representation of something within a certain category
Representativeness Heuristic
a mental shortcut that we use when estimating probabilities
Retrieval
the process of recovering or locating information stored in memory
Retrograde amnesia
a loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past
Serial position effect
the psychological tendency to remember the first and last items in a list better than those in the middle
Shallow processing
Encoding information on basic auditory or visual levels, based on the sound, structure or appearance of a word
Short-term memory
the memory systems in the brain involved in remembering pieces of information for a short period of time, often up to 30 seconds
Source amnesia
the inability to recall where, when, or how one has learned knowledge that has been acquired and retained
Spacing effect
demonstrates that learning is more effective when study sessions are spaced out
Storage
the state of an item that is retained in memory, after encoding and before retrieval
Two-word stage
between approximately 18 and 24 months of age, during which children use two words at a time when speaking
Working memory
a form of memory that allows a person to temporarily hold a limited amount of information at the ready for immediate mental use
Note 
Flashcard (70)