NRSG 316 Wellness & Health Promotion - Introduction to Health Promotion

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the topics covered in the NRSG 316 Wellness & Health Promotion lecture.

Health Promotion

is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, and thereby improve their health.

Health

is a state of complete physical, social, and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Wellness

is the optimal state of health of individuals/groups. the realization of the fullest potential of an individual physically, psychologically, socially, and spiritually, and economically, and the fulfilment of ones role expectation in the family, community, place of workshop, workplace, and other settings.

Health Education

is any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes

Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)

The conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality of life outcomes and risks.

What are the 5 domans of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) 

economic stability

education access and quality 

health care access and quality

neighborhood and built environments

Social and community context.

Primary Prevention

Activities that avert illness, injury, or disease conditions, such as immunizations.

what are the overarching goals of improving the populations health (developing healthy peoplea)

• Attain healthy, thriving lives and well-being free of

preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.

• Eliminate health disparities, achieve improved health for all

people, and attain health literacy to improve the health and

well-being of all.

• Create social, physical, and economic environments that

promote attaining the full potential for health and well-being

for all.

• Promote healthy development, healthy behaviors, and well-

being across all life stages.

• Engage leadership, key constituents, and the public across

multiple sectors to take action and design policies that

improve the health and well-being of all.

What is the vision of the national prevention strategy by the Affordable Care Act 

Working together to improve the health and quality of life for individuals, families, and communities, by moving the nation froma focus on sickness and disease to one based on prevention and wellness.

Three Main Goals of the ACA

1. expand health insurance coverage

2. shift focus towards prevention

3. reduce costs and improve efficiency in healthcare.

Primary Prevention

emphasizes activities to avert illness, injury, or disease conditions.

Secondary Prevention

Identifying diseases at their earliest stage and treating the conditions early, such as regular screenings.

Tertiary Prevention

Relies mainly on the health care system and highlights Specific interventions to limit advancing conditions linked to chronic diseases; involves managing and supporting individuals with chronic issues.

Screening (Bedrock of secondary prevention)

presumptive identification of an unrecognized disease through tests, examinations, or other procedures which can be applied rapidly. this sorts out apperently well persons who prbably have a diease from those who probably do not.

screening test

identifies asymptomatic people who may have a disease

Diagnostic Test 

Determines presence or absence of diease when patient shows signs or symptoms 

what are the characteristics of a good screening 

simple, rapid, inexpensive, safe, available, acceptable 

what to consider when evaluating tests 

reliability and validity

Wellness

The optimal state of health of individuals/groups, fulfilling potential physically, psychologically, socially, spiritually, and economically.

Functional Ability

The capacity of individuals to perform their daily tasks and engage in activities.

Preventive Services

Clinical services aimed at preventing diseases or detecting diseases early.

US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

An independent panel of experts that assesses the benefits and harms of preventive services.

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Legislation aimed at expanding healthcare coverage, focusing on prevention and reducing costs.

Reliability

also known as consistency. ability to yield the same results with repeated measurments of same construct. degree to which results are free from random error

Validity

How well test distinguishes between who has a disease and who does not

Intra-subject Reliability 

refers to the consistency of measurement scores taken on the same subject across testing occasions. We are evaluating the degree of change in subject performance on the test from one time to another. 

intra-rater reliability

refers to the consistency of measurements taken by the same tester on two or more testing occasions

Inter-rater reliability

is considered one of the most important indices of reliability for screening tools. here we are looking at the consistency of measurement scores taken by two different testers.

Instrument reliability 

another important indicator of reliability. it refers to the internal consistency of the measurement tool itself.