unit 5

species

group of similar organisms that can reproduce to produce fetrile offspring

habitat

an area or environment in which an organism naturally lives

ecosystem

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment 

biodiversity

variety of species living in all habitats and the diversity within species

community

the collection of different populations of species all co-existing in the same habitat at one time

population

all organisms of the same species living in a habitat at one time

abiotic

non living

biotic

living

factors affecting population size

light intensity, moisture levels, temperature, toxic substance, food availability, nutrients, new pathogens, competition

what are two processes that remove co2

dissolving in the ocean and photosynthesis

what are two processes that adds co2

respiration and combustion

what is the difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration

photosynthesis makes food, cellular respiration uses it

What is the biological indicator of acid rain?

lichens live off of the nutrients from rain water, air pollutants dissolve in water and can harm them

what substances does acid rain contain?

nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide

how do you measure acid rain?

water samples and air quality monitoring station

what is in green house gases?

CO2, water vapour, nitrous oxide, methane, CFC

what does greenhouse gases do?

reflect heat back to earth

what can cause an increase in greenhouse gases?

causes increase in CO2: destruction of peat bogs, fossil fuels, deforestation, combustion

what causes water pollution?

human sewage (phosphate),nitrate fertilisers, pesticide (potassium), sulfur dioxide

effects of deforestation

soil erosion, leaching ( without trees nutrients will remain unused and washed away), loss of biodiversity

eutrophication

when there is too much nutrients in the water causibf ab algal bloom on the surface of the water blocking the sunlight from reaching the bottom of the area of water where plants aren’t able to photosynthesis, causing them to die, bacteria feeds off of dead matter causing them to increase in number they take up the oxygen causing them water to be anoxic, this means the animals die.

what happens when bacteria decomposes dead algae and plants?

they release nutrients which algae can feed on, this increases the number of algae blocking the surface of the water

improving food production

greenhouses can monitor artificial heating, lighting, increase CO2 which can help plants photosynthesise quicker

polythene tunnels can protect crops grown outside from the effects of weather, prevent entry of pests and monitor temperature

what nutrients are in fertilizers?

nitrogen which help make amino acids, phosphorus make DNA and cell membranes, potassium which helps with enzyme reactions

what are the types of pesticides

insecticides, herbicides, fungicides

what is the equation for respiration for yeast?

glucose → ethanol + CO2