Roman Art and Archeology

Protourban habitations in central and southern Italy (Chronology)

9th-7th century BCE

Traditional founding of Rome (Year)

753 BCE

Augustus’s (Octavian) reign

31-14 BCE, Transformation into the Empire

Julius Ceaser killed

44 BCE, end of the Republic

Imerial Empire started to be used by Romans

27 BCE

Etrusca

Area where most etruscans were located, Northern Italy

Villanovans

The pre-etruscans, most evidence they left behind was near a town called Villanova

Pozzo

Villanovan grave with a urn in a well like hole

Biconical Urn

a handmade pot that is two cones attached at the wide ends (Could be simplistic human shape)

Impasto

thick greyish black clay

Hut urn

shaped like a hut with thatched roof

Differences between the etruscans and villanovans

The Etruscans were wealthier and lived in a culturally broader and more diverse world.

(Greek) Pottery in Etrusca

influenced by greek style, imported from greece or made by immigrated Greeks

Etruscans

a group that emerged in 600 BCE, mixture of villanovan tradition and influences from greeks and near easterns

“Pontic” amphorae

named after Pontus, were vases that immitated the painting styles of Greece (red and black figures), locally made

Tumulus

a rounded circular mound of earth built up on the stone platform

Fibule

fastining pin

repousse

hammered relief

granulation

patterns of tiny beads of gold

caryatiels

standing female figures

The caryatid chalice

made of bucchero, developed by the etruscans using the impasto technique from the villa.

Bucchero

a shiny black ceramic pottery

Indicatiors of art

chronology, territory, and artistic style

Villanovan Period

900-720 BCE

Orientilizing period

720-575 BCE

Archeic period

575-480 BCE

Etruscan classical period

480-400 BCE

Etruscan Late classical period

400-300 BCE

Hellinistic period

300-100 BCE

Aristonothos Krater

Potter was greek (engaved his name on the pot), was in an etruscan tomb

Inhumanation

sarcophagus with body in tomb/ body laid out in a tomb

Cremation

body is cremated in an urn