Biology - Eukaryotic cell

what substance does the nucleus contain?

nucleoplasm

What is DNA bound to in the nucleus

protein called chromatin

How many nucleolus can there be in the nucleus?

1 or 2

What is a nuclear membrane structure?

double membrane structure containing pores

what does the nuclear membrane in the nucleus allow transport of?

mRNA and Nucleotides

What is the function of the nucleolus?

make rRNA and assemble ribosomes

what happens to chromatin during cell division?

It condenses to from chromosomes

why is the inner membrane of the mitochondria folded?

to increase the surface area into extensions called cristae

what reaction takes place in the mitochondria?

biochemical reaction of aerobic respiration

what form of chemical energy does aerobic respiration in the mitochondria release?

ATP

what is the structure of Golgi body?

collection of flattened membranes, budding off as a vesicle

what are the 5 functions of Golgi body?

-package proteins for secretion

-secrete carbohydrates

-produce glycoproteins

-transport and store lipids

-form lysosomes

what do lysosomes do?

prevent rest of cell being digested by enzymes

what region of the cytoplasm do centrioles arise from?

centrosome

what is the structure of centrioles

consist of 2 hollow cylinders

what does centrioles produce in cell division?

microtubules of the spindles that pull chromosomes apart

what is the structure of endoplasmic reticulum?

membrane bound sacs (cisternae)

what is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum?

involved in protein synthesis as transport system

what is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

involved with synthesis and transport of lipids.

what is the function of ribosomes?

protein synthesis

what are ribosomes produced by?

nucleolus

what are ribosomes made up of?

rRNA

what do ribosomes consist of in terms of protein

one large and one small subunit