Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Pressure
the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface
Gas pressure
the force that the gas exerts on its container based on how hard it hits the container and how often
volume
the region of space that the gas occupies
number of moles
number of gas particles
ideal gas law constant
relates the four other variables together
temperature (use Kelvin)
average kinetic energy of a gas
inversely proportional
Effect of volume on pressure; as volume decreases, pressure increases and the greater concentration of particles result in greater frequency of collisions
directly proportional
effect of number of moles on pressure; as the number of moles increases the number of collisions increases
directly proportional
effect of temperature on pressure
as the average kinetic energy of the molecules increases, the P increases as the number of collisions occur more often and are more energetic
partial pressure
the pressure of each gas in a mixture based on the amount of gas particles
mole fraction
Xi=ni/ntotal
partial pressure/ mole fraction (NO UNITS)
The partial pressure of a gas in a mixture is equal to its mole fraction multiplied by the total pressure.
Xa= moles/ total moles
Xi= Xa x Ptotal
Gas behavior
-particles are in continuous random motion; btwn collisions they have constant velocity and direction; after collisons they have new direction and velocity; elastic collison; Kelvin is proportional to the average kinetic energy
At the same temp
lighter particles move faster; heavier particles move slower when?
negligable bc everyday containers are much larger than the gas particles; 0
In an ideal gas size is what? They have what volume?
constant kinetic energy but diff velocities depending on the MM
Constant temp=
attractions among gas molecules esp close ones; and particle volumes at high pressures
Deviations may occur from?
Ideal Gases and KMT
-elastic collisions
-no attractive or repulsive forces btwn particles
-particle volumes are negligible
-PV-nRT
Real Gas Behavio
-all gases can condense; there are attractive forces
-molecules vary in size and have volume
-PV IS NOT EQUAL TO NRT
strong IMF= low pressure
With significant attractions between particles, the number of collisions and the walls of the collisions decrease and have a low pressure (stick together as one unit and hit the wall as one unit)
effect of IMFS
IMF increaes, the pressure decreases
-high temps the IMFS are negligible and gases behave ideally
-low temps IMFs become significant (Non ideal)
Effect of Molecular Volume
-large volume of particle= less room to move and leads to more collisions; large particles= higher pressure
decreasing volume of container
as the volume of th container becoems smaller the particle volume becomes more significant more than predicted; very small volume= higher pressure