CWTS The Human Person

Aristotle and Boethius view on the human person

described man as a rational being. As rational being, a person is able to know, reason out and apply what he know

Theologians view on the human person

describe a human person as a substance of physical and spiritual. Spiritual in nature because man has a soul and is created by a Superior Being with a divine purpose. Physical in nature, because a person is created with body and faculty that correspond to his relationship with society

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON - Rational

As a rational being, a person is free to think and has the capacity to reason. He can distinguish what is right and what is wrong because he has intellect

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON - Free

A person has the freedom to do or not to do a specific action. However, every person must be responsible for his own action. In other words, a person can do whatever he pleases but not to the extent of doing harm to his co-creatures

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON - Unique

Every person has his own identity such that no two persons are the same.

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON - Social Being

He cannot detach his “being” from others and all other creatures in the universe. Human nature is characterized by his togetherness and relationship towards other creatures; be it a thing, object or his fellowman

CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON - Sexual

The expression of a person’s emotions, attitudes, feelings, actions and thoughts in sexual activity best exemplifies his uniqueness from animals

Eddie Babor in his book “The Human Person, Not Real But Existing”

the human person have several characteristics which are rational, free, unique, social being, sexual

Abraham Maslow

Theory on the hierarchy of needs. a person must satisfy first the other lower needs before he can actually realize his self-worth and potential

Physiological Level

these are biological needs such as food, water and clothing. They are the strongest needs because when a person is deprived of these, the person will ultimately find ways to fulfill its satisfaction

Safety

when physiological needs are met, the person transcends in finding security and protection from physical and emotional harm

Social and Belongingness

when the needs for physiological and safety had been satisfied, the desire for affection, belonging, friendship can become active. Maslow states that people seek to overcome feeling of loneliness and alienation

Esteem

there are two esteem needs: The self-esteem that include achievement, mastery, confidence and the esteem the person gets from others. These include recognition, respect, attention etc.

Self-Actualization

it is the highest form of motivation. Maslow describes this need as reaching the person’s peak potential.

Carl Rogers on person-centered therapy theory

every person has within him an inherent desire towards a positive transformation and development of his capacity

INFANCY (BIRTH) - Crisis

Basic Trust VS. Mistrust

helpless dependent on adults, parents are rejecting and the satisfying needs of the child is inconsistent, it develops feelings of mistrust

INFANCY (BIRTH) - Virtue

Hope

enduring belief in the attainability of fervent wishes (trusting children are more future- oriented), Children lacking enough trust cannot hope because they must worry constantly about whether their needs will be satisfied and therefore are tied to the present

EARLY CHILDHOOD (AGES 1 – 3) - Crisis

Autonomy VS. Shame and Doubt

Child develops rapidly varied skill, Effects of parental discipline and control over the development of child’s own self-control

EARLY CHILDHOOD (AGES 1 – 3) - Virtue

Will

the unbroken determination to exercise free choice as well as selfrestraint

PRE-SCHOOL AGE (AGES 4 – 5) - Crisis

Initiative VS. Guilt

The child begins to explore what kind of person he can become limits are tested to find out what is permissible and what is not while Guilt develops if parents ridicule the child’s selfinitiated behaviors and fantasies

PRE-SCHOOL AGE (AGES 4 – 5) - Virtue

Purpose

The courage to envisage (predict or visualize) and pursue goals by defeat of infantile fantasies, by guilt and by foiling fear of punishment

SCHOOL AGE (AGES 6 – 11) - Crisis

Industry VS. Inferiority

Child learns skills necessary for economic survival the technological skills that will allow him to become productive member of his culture. School is the place where child is trained for future employment

SCHOOL AGE (AGES 6 – 11) - Virtue

Competence

free exercise of dexterity and intelligence in the completion of tasks, unimpaired by infantile inferiority

TEEN AGE (AGES 12 – 19) - Crisis

Identity VS. Role Confusion

ssentially how a person sees themselves in relation to their world. It's a sense of self or individuality in the context of life and what lies ahead.

TEEN AGE (AGES 12 – 19) - Virtue

Fidelity

self-confidence and selfesteem necessary to freely associate with people and ideas based on merit, loyalty, social and interpersonal integrity and more

YOUNG ADULTHOOD (AGES 20 – 35) - Crisis

Intimacy VS. Isolation
Intimacy – the ability to merge one’s identity with that of another person.
Isolation – the inability to share one’s identity with that of another person.

YOUNG ADULTHOOD (AGES 20 – 35) - Virtue

Love

mutuality of devotion forever subduing the antagonism inherent in dividend functions, Development of a greater sense of intimacy

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD (AGES 36-64) - Crisis

Generativity VS. Stagnation
Generativity – the impulse to help members of the next generation.
Stagnation – interpersonal impoverishment – the lack of concern about the next generation

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD (AGES 36-64) - Virtue

Care

The widening concern for what has been generated by love, necessity; it overcomes the ambivalence adhering to irresistible obligation

OLD AGE (AGES 65 – DEATH) - Crisis

Ego Integrity VS. Despair
Ego Integrity – the satisfaction with life and the lack of fear of death.
Despair – the lack of satisfaction with life

OLD AGE (AGES 65 – DEATH) - Virtue

Wisdom

The person has more ego integrity than despair. Defined as detached concern with life