microbio prokaryotic cells

what are prokaryotic cells

unicellular, lack a membrane-bound nucleus, contain a nucleoid, lack membrane bound oragnelles

whtat is monomorphic?

an organism that maintains a consistent shape

what is pleomorphic?

multiple shapes, no defined shape

How do prokaryotic cells obtain nutrients?

diffusion

Do prokaryotic cells divide?

divide by binary fission

What shape is a bacillus?

rod shaped

What shape is cocci?

spherical cells

What shape is Vibrio?

comma shaped

what shape is stella

star shaped

What shape is coccobacilli?

ovoid

What shape are spirochetes?

spiral shaped, corkscrew motion -shaped,

what is the arrangement of diplococci?

paired cocci

What is the arrangement of tetrads?

4 cocci

what shape is staphyloccoi?

grape-like structures

What shape is a palisade?

clusters of bacilli

All cells are surrounded by an outer boundary called what?

plama membrane

What are extracellular structures?

structures outside of the plasma membrane

What are intracellular structures?

Structures that lie within the boundary defined by the plasma membrane

Most prokaryotic cells have a ___ that lies ourside the plasma membrane

cell wall

characteristics of plasma membrane

-thin, flexible, phospholipid bilayer

-selective barrier

-contains proteins (transport, anchor, receptor, enzymes)

-selective permeability

-detect changes in environment

bacteria use ______ as a core component of their cells

peptidoglycan

archeae use _____ as a core component of their cell wall

pseudopeptidoglycan

What does gram-positive secrete?

exotoxins

What is the cell wall of gram-positive?

peptidoglycan

what color is gram-positive?

purple

what color is gram-negative?

pink

Gram-negative bacteria secretes

endotoxins

what does lipid A secrete?

endotoxin

O side chain used to identify species like E. coli O157 are

highly virulent

what can endotoxin cause to humans

Fiebre, inflamación, vasodilatación.

what does Mycobacterium cause?

tuberculosis and leprosy

What is the acid-fast positive color?

pink

What color is acid negative?

purple

What is Ziehl-Neelsen method?

uses carbol-fuchsin (pink) with steam to adhere to MYCOLIC ACID

What does acid-fast staining detect?

mycolic acid in cell wall

what does mycolic make the cell

high resistant to desiccation (removal of resistance)

acid fact positive has to belong to

mycobacterium

genus name for acid-fast bacteria

mycobacterium

standard antibodies exposed from tuberculosis

Rifampin and isoniazid

what do mycoplasma species lack

cell wall

what kind of cell wall does mycolic acid have

thick cell wall which resists dehydration

mycobacterium is harder to kill compared mycoplasma (T/F)

true

what kind of shape is mycoplasma?

Pleomorphic/phasmoid shape

Does L-forms have a cell wall

Had a cell wall but lost it

what can L-forms contribute to>

persistant infections since many antibodies target cell wall structures

what is L-form resistant to?

certain environmental stresses (boiling, autoclaving)

what is passive transport?