B3 organisation and the digestive system

What is an enzyme

a biological catalyst which speeds up digestion

what are cells?

are the basic building blocks of all living organisms

what are tissues?

a group of cells with a similar structure and function

what is an organ?

are aggregations of tissues performing specific functions

what are organ systems?

organs are organised into organ systems, which work together to forms organisms

describe how am enzyme works using the lock and key theory?

-the substrate binds into the active site due(unique shape) of the enzyme

-the shape of the active site is specific for the shape of the substrate

-bonds in the substrate are broken

what are enzymes?

enzymes are proteins made up of long chains of folded amino acids that all have individual specific shapes

what does the enzyme lipase digest and its products

lipases breaks down lipids to glycerol and fatty acids

what does the enzyme amylase break down and its products?

amylase breaks down starch to glucose

what does the enzyme protease break down to and its products?

protease break down proteins to amino acids

what is the function of digestive enzymes?

they convert food into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream.

what are the uses to the products of digestion?

are used to build new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

where is bile made and stored?

bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder.

what is the function of bile?

-its is alkaline to neutralise hydrochloric acid from the stomach

-it also emulsifies fat to form small droplets which increase the surface area

-> these both increase the rate of fat breakdown by lipase

investigate the effect of pH on the rate of reaction of amylase enzyme

-mix amylase solution and starch suspension in a boiling tube

-put the boiling tube into a water bath at 25 degrees

-remove a drop of the mixture every 30s and test it for the presence of starch

-repeat the investigation at different pH values