APHG Chapter 8

Buddhism

The oldest universalizing religion, which arose from a hearth in northeastern India, sometime between the mid-sixth and mid-fourth centuries B.C.E as is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Hautama, called the buddha

Christianity

A universalizing religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ that began in what is now the West Bank and Israel around the beginning of the common era and has spread to all continents. 

Ethnic Religion

A religion that is closely tied with a particular ethnic group often living within a particular place

Hinduism

An ethnic religion that arose a few thousand years ago in South Asia and is closely tied to India. 

Islam

A universalizing religion based on the teachings of Muhammad that originated  in the heart of Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century

Isolate

A language that is unrelated to any other known language 

Judaism

The world's first monotheistic religion which developed among the Hebrew people of Southwest Asia about 4000 years ago

Language Branch

A collection of languages within a language family  that share a common origin and is separated from other branches on the same family several thousands of years ago

Language Family

A group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a particular hearth, or region  of origin

Language Group

Languages within a language branch that share a common ancestor in the relatively recent past and have vocabularies with a high degree of overlap

Secularized

Focused on worldly rather than spiritual concerns

Sikhism

The newest universalizing religion, founded by Guru Nanak, who lived from 1469 to 1539, in the Punjab region of northwestern India

Universalizing Religion

A religion that tries to all people and is open to membership  by everyone