6.1 - AP world

Imperialism

Establishing and enforcing the rules of one nation on foreign peoples/countries

What characterized most of the 1800s - why are countries wanting colonies?

• Revolutions, nationalism, creation of nation-states

• It was a way for a country to assert itself globally

How did the following try to assert their national pride through settlement: Britain

 It established a colony on New South Wales (on east coast of new holland), it also expanded its influence in south asia, taking control of india

How did the following try to assert their national pride through settlement: france

expanded overseas territories to compensate for its loss to prussia

How did the following try to assert their national pride through settlement: Italy and germany

desired colonies for economic and strategic reasons, as well as prestige.

How did the following try to assert their national pride through settlement: Spain

led quests during the first wave of imperialism (16th and 17th) but power had greatly diminished and was not a dominant power during the second wave 

How did the following try to assert their national pride through settlement: Japan

 used incursions through korea to assert national pride, this irritated china and led to the sino-japanese war. Japan won and thus took control of korea. They also gained taiwan

Describe how science was used as proof that colonization was a right of stronger nations.

• Pseudoscience pushed the idea that there were scientific inferiorities of non-white races

• Phrenologists used the size of skulls to claim that non-white races were less intelligent 

 

Explain how Charles Darwin’s idea of selection/fittest species was used to justify imperialism.

 Darwinism was also adopted as “social darwinism” to say that the colonization showed the superiority of the white race

 How did colonizing countries force their culture on the places they took over? Give specific examples of this

• Colonizers combined many who spoke different languages and had different cultures and imposed their own culture on them. 

Explain how religious motives were part of the rationale for imperialism.

• Critics say they supported imperialism by encouraging non-white races to give up their traditional values such as ancestor veneration and adopt the european religions

How did treaties and company charters lead European powers to take over other countries? How did this impact other nations?

• Treaties that Europe signed with foreign regions gave them the right to set up trading posts, but also gave them quasi-governmental powers which led them to taking more control

Describe how the following are examples of economic imperialism: East Indian Company

• After being given a monopoly over the English trade with India, the company pushed out the Portuguese, and began to expand its power/control over India/Southeast Asia. 

Describe how the following are examples of economic imperialism: Dutch East India Company

• It was given a monopoly on the trade between the cape of hope good and the straits of magellan.

• They pushed the portuguese out

Describe the ‘new imperialism’ at the end of the Industrial Revolution. Who is involved? Where are they taking over and why?

• As the 2nd industrial revolution progressed Britain's rule began to be challenged by other powers that looked to asia, africa, etc to expand their market.