unit 1: empires and expansion

monroe doctrine 1823

James Monroe warned European nations to stop colonizing or establishing puppet nations in America

reasons for US overseas expansion

access to new raw materials (economic), more naval bases (military), white man's burden & sreading christianity (religious justificaton), competing with European imperial powers (nationalism)

reasons against expansion

goes against DOI (immorality), too expensive (economic), good buffer from world (isolationism)

alfred t. mahan

"influence of see power" was in navy

william mckinley

1893 rep president, supported annexation of philippines and imperial expansion

theodore roosevelt

assisstant sec of navt, agressive expansion, "big stick diplomacy"

william randolph hearst

used yellow journalism to stir public emotion to support spain's war

yellow journalism

william rndolf hearts and joseph piliter own biggest newspaper companies

valeriano "the butcher" weyler

spanish gen in cuba that had 150k troops & reconcentration camps

uss maine

american batleship that exploded in havana harbor, starts war

spanish-american war start date

april 11, 1898

spanish-american war

fought over cuban independence, us aquired guam, puerto rico, and phillippines

rough riders

volunteer cavalry led by roosevelt, famous for san juan hill, commanded by leonard wood

george dewey

us naval commander who defeated spanish fleet in Manilla Bay

battle of manila bay

us victory in philippines, beg. of us control in pacific

open door policy

proposed by sec of state john hay, urged equal trading rights in china for all imperial powers

boxer rebellion

anti0imperialist, anti-foreigner uprising in China

emilio aguinaldo

leader of flipino independence movement, fired at americans but got caught

filipino insurrection (1899-1902)

guerrilla warefare fought agasint us for philipines annexation, us victory

big stick diplomacy

"speak softly and carry a big stick", emphasized us military power

dollar diplomacy

william taft's policy to use economic investment to exert influence, mostly in latin america and easr asia

fredrick jackson turner

"fronteir thesis", growth makes america great