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SPANISH FINAL-GRAMMER
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10th
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28 Terms
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1
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Condiciónal
refers to hypothetical events
\-expresses possibility or conjecture about past actions or conditions
All have tildes
ex: based on this condition--this would happen
2
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Condicional raizes AR
AR, ER, IR
\-ía
\-ías
\-ía
\-íamos
\-ían
\
they are all the same
3
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Condicional irregular
three parts: Dropped, vowel, irregular stem
you plug the irregular part in and you still use ER< IR< AR verbs
4
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E Dropped irregular (condicional)
5 words
\
Caber_ cabr
haber_habr
poder-podr
querer-querr
saber-sabr
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vowel-D (condicional)
5 words
Poner-pondr
salir-saldr
tener-tendr
valer-valdr
venir-vendr
6
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Irregular Stem (condicional)
d words
Decir-dir
hacer-har
7
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Example of condicional COMER
Comería
comerías
comería
comeríamos
comerían
8
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Example of condicional irregular TENER
tendría
tendríamos
tendría
tendríamos
tendrían
9
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Presente Perfecto definition
tiempo verbal que se utiliza para expresar una relación de la acción entre el presente y el pasado
10
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Presente perfecto explination
two parts
\-starts with the present of the verb HABER and then the past verb
11
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example de presente perfecto CAMINAR
he caminado
has caminado
ha caminado
hemos caminado
han caminado
12
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changing infinitive (presente perfecto)
ar-ado
er/ir-ido
\
ex: amar-amado
ex: tener-tenido
13
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Irregular (without tilde) for presente perfecto
abierto
escrito
puesto
visto
descrito
cubierto
hecho
resuelto
vuelto
frito
dicho
muerto
roto
impreso
satisfecho
14
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irregulars (with accents)
caer-caído
reír-reído
leer-leído
oír-oído
traer-traído
creer-creído
15
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past principles od verbs that end in -uir (Presente perfecto)
DO NOT HAVE ACCENT MARKS
ex: huir-huido
16
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ejemplo de irregular (presente perfecto) decir
he dicho
has dicho
ha dicho
hemos dicho
han dicho
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imperfecto progressivo
un tiempo que describe acciones en progreso en el pasado .
\-Se utiliza para aquellas acciones en curso en el pasado con función descriptiva, no dando énfasis al principio ni al final.
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Imperfecto Progressivo
two parts
ESTABA (imperfecto)
Verb in imperfecto
19
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conjugando con Imperfecto
AR IR
AR- ando
IR-iendo
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Irregulars
Pidiendo
contruyendo
durmiendo
diciendo
oyendo
repitiendo
sirviendo
friendo
21
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Ir stem changers (imperfecto progressivo)
e-I. o-u
venir-viniendo
dormir-durmiendo
ver-viendo
ir-iendo
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estaba conjugar (imperfecto progressivo)
Estaba
estabas
estaba
estabámos
estaban
23
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presente de subjuntivo (how to use it)
WEDDING
It’s hoping for something but it’s not determined if it will actually happen.
W=wishes/want
E=emotion
D=doubt
D= DENIAL IS A RIVER IN EGYPT, YOUR HUSBAND IS-
I=impersonal
N=negation
G=God
24
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Subjuntivo (how to form it)
start with yo in present indicative
drop the o
add the endings as indicated in this section
\
Caminar
yo camino
camine
camines
camine
caminemos
caminen
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whats important about subjuntivo?
AR and IR/ER ENDINGS ARE SWITCHED
\
AR. IR/ER
e a
es. as
e. a
emos. amos
en. an
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stem changing verbs in present subjunctive
verbs ending in -ar or -er and are stem-changing in the present follow the same stem-changing pattern
pensar (ir)
querer (ir)
encontrar(ue)
these don’t affect nosotros!!!!!
\
verbs ending in Ir follow whatever stem changes occur in the present indicative they require a change in the Nosotros
Preferir (ie)
dormir (ue)
servir (I)
\
for all then you use same endings like with regulars
\
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Verbs with spelling changes CAR ZAR GAR
gar-gu
car-qu
z-c
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Presente perfecto de subjuntivo
present subjective od haber plus past participle
\
Haya
hayas
haya
hayamos
hayan
ex: hayan escrito