Test on Modules 30-32

What are the four criteria for diagnosing abnormal behavior?

Maladaptive, atypical, disturbing, unjustifiable

Maladaptive

• an exaggeration of normal, acceptable behaviors

• destructive to oneself or others

atypical

• a behavior so different from other people behavior that it violates a norm

disturbing

• a behavior which is troublesome to other people or yourself

unjustifiable

• behavior which did not have a rational basis

What is the DSM-V

A manual used for diagnosing mental disorders, developing treatment plans, and conducting research.

 What does the Bio-Psycho-Social model emphasize?

Biological, psychological, and social factors contributing to mental illness

What was the main finding of the Rosenhan article, Who’s Crazy Here Anyway?

Labels can affect the perception of behavior in psychiatric settings

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of life lasting for at least six months

What are common physical symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Twitching eyelids, muscle tension, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating

 Panic Disorder

Sudden episodes of intense fear or discomfort (panic attacks) lasting a few minutes

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A mental health condition characterized by unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or actions (compulsions) performed to alleviate the anxiety caused by these obsessions.

phobia, and what are its types

A focused fear of specific objects or situations.

Types:

• Specific: fear of a specific thing (snakes, spiders, etc)

• social phobia: fear of different social situations

• agoraphobia: fear of leaving a familiar environment

What causes Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

Experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event.

What is Major Depression?

 Intense sadness, feelings of worthlessness, and withdrawal from others.

What are the causes of Major Depression?

• learned helplessness (have unpleasant events but don’t do anything to improve)

• attributions (people explain why they happen): stable, internal, global

stable (depression attribution #1)

situation will last a long time (ex; I will never get my license)

internal (depression attribution #2)

the situation happened because of my actions not because of the actions of others/circumstances (ex; this is all my fault)- FIND A WAY TO BLAME THEMSELVES

global (depression attribution #3)

my explanation applies to many areas of my life (ex; i am not good at anything)

What is the difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II?

• Bipolar I: Longer manic episodes with shorter depressive episodes.

• Bipolar II: Longer depressive episodes with shorter manic episodes.

What are the two Somatoform Disorders?

1. Conversion Disorder: Physical symptoms without medical cause.

2. Illness Anxiety Disorder: Preoccupation with having or acquiring an illness.

What is dissociation?

Separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought.

What causes Dissociative Amnesia?

Stressful or traumatic experiences

What is Dissociative Fugue?

Forgetting personal information and past events while assuming a new identity

What is Dissociative Identity Disorder?

The presence of two or more distinct personalities, often caused by prolonged abuse

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?

Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, inappropriate emotional responses, and withdrawal

Name four types of delusions in schizophrenia

1. Delusions of Grandeur

2. Delusions of Persecution

3. Delusions of Sin/Guilt

4. Delusions of Influence

Delusions of Grandeur (delusions in schizophrenia #1)

Belief of being more important than you are

Delusions of Persecution (delusions in schizophrenia #2)

 Belief others are out to harm you

Delusions of Sin/Guilt (delusions in schizophrenia #3)

Belief you are responsible for a misfortune

Delusions of Influence (delusions in schizophrenia #4)

Belief you are being controlled by external forces

paranoid personality disorder (#1)

extreme suspicion of others; mistrustful, often jealous

schizoid personality disorder (#2)

loner who are cool, distant, and unwilling and unable to form close relationships with others

schizotypal personality disorder (#3)

difficulty in forming social relationships, odd and eccentric behavior, tendency to hold magical beliefs

antisocial personality disorder (#4)

Lack of empathy, remorse, or conscience; manipulative behavior

Borderline Personality Disorder (#5)

Intense and unstable relationships, mood swings, and fear of abandonment

Histrionic personality disorder (#6)

tendency to overreact and use excessive emotions to draw attention from an manipulate others; love to be center of attention

narcissistic personality disorder (#7)

extremely vain and self involved

avoidant personality disorder (#8)

fearful of social relationships, tend to avoid social contacts unless absolutely necessary

dependent personality disorder (#9)

needy, want other to make decisions for them

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (#10)

controlling, focused on neatness and order to an extreme degree