Immunity and Lymphatics

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to the immune and lymphatic systems, their functions, components, and mechanisms.

Immune System

A network of cells and organs that defends the body against pathogens.

Lymphatic System

A true organ system that helps recover fluid from tissues, supports immune response, and absorbs dietary lipids.

Lymph

A clear, colorless fluid that originates as interstitial fluid and is transported in lymphatic vessels.

Phagocytosis

The process by which a cell engulfs foreign particles or pathogens.

Macrophage

A large immune cell derived from monocytes that engulfs and digests cellular debris and pathogens.

Antigen Presentation

The process by which immune cells display antigens on their surface to activate T cells.

Cytokines

Signaling molecules that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis.

Helper T cells (TH)

T cells that play a central role in activating and directing immune responses.

Natural Killer cells (NK)

Lymphocytes that attack and destroy infected or cancerous cells.

B Lymphocytes (B cells)

Immune cells that produce antibodies and are involved in humoral immunity.

T Lymphocytes (T cells)

Immune cells that directly attack infected or cancerous cells and are involved in cellular immunity.

Peyer Patches

Aggregations of lymphoid tissue found in the intestines that monitor intestinal bacteria.

Passive Immunity

Temporary immunity acquired from another person, such as through maternal antibodies.

Active Immunity

Long-lasting immunity that occurs when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an antigen.

Inflammation

A localized tissue response to injury or infection characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Spleen

The largest lymphatic organ that helps filter blood and supports immune surveillance.

Antibodies

Proteins produced by B cells that bind to specific antigens to neutralize or mark them for destruction.

Innate Immunity

The body's first line of defense against pathogens, consisting of physical barriers and immune cells.

Adaptive Immunity

The immunity that develops specific responses to pathogens and retains memory for future protection.