Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy def

it is the structure

physiology def

it is the function

levels of organization?

1. cells

2. tissues

3. organs

4. organ system

5. indivuial

tissues def

a group of similar cells that work together to perform the Same function

what are the 4 types of tissue in humans

1. muscular tissue

2. nervous tissue

3. connective tissue

4. epithelial tissue

muscular tissue?

protection, movement 3 types of muscle tissue e

nervous tissue?

conduct small electrical impulses in the body

connective tissue?

Hold structure together like ligaments, bone to bone, tendons, attach muscle to bone

cartilage?

cushioning between bone and blood

epithelial tissue?

found on the surface of structures

Homeostatic def

“steady state” keeps you boy temperature in balance

what is the homeostatic body temperature/endothermic

98.6F

feedback loop def

help the body maintain homeostasis

what are the 2 types of feedback loops

positive and negative

positive feedback def

stimulus, response, stimulus becomes stronger - ex. childbirth

negative feedback loop def

stimulus, response, stimulus is weaker, slows, or stops - ex sweat during exercise

Integumentary system (skin) function

protection, flexibility for movement, waterproofing,

maintain homeostasis in Integumentary system

using a layer of fat to trap heat and keep warm

integumentary skin MH list

muscle contractions, friction, heat, trapped by skin

Layer 1 of skin is

epidermis

epidermis has 2 things

skincolor - melanin and hair/nails - keratin

The dermis is

“true skin” thickest layer

Hairfollicoles…..

keep us warm

sweat glands….

cool us down

sepaceous gland…..

oil for flexibility

nerves…

for you sense of touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold

blood vessels….

carry oxygen and nutrients

Hypodermis or Sucutaneous layer is

all the fat tissue (adipose) for insulation

Muscular system function

to protect, movement, structure, support

to maintain homeostasis for muscular system is

muscles contract = friction

friction = heat that is captured by fat layer

Skeletal muscle is

attached to bone 633 total only pulls bones -attached to bones - work in antagonist pairs

voluntary bones…

we control those bones but they fatigues=get tired

smooth muscle is…

around you intestines, digestive organs, eyes(pupil) valves

Involuntary def

does not fatigue

peristalsis def

smooth muscle contraction in digestions

cardiac muscles def

found around your heart

skeletal system functions

protect, structure=support, make bllod cells, storage of calcium

to MH in skeletal system

movment, friction, heat, trapped by skin

number of bones in an adult human

206

how are bones held together

joints

1 example of joints

the ball and socket joint or shoulder and hip

2. example of joint

hinge joint - fingers, toe, elbows, knees

3. example of joint

saddle joint give us opposable thumbs

1. connective tissue that holds joints together

ligaments - connect bone to bone

2. connective tissue that holds joints together

tendons - connect muscle to bone

3. connective tissue that holds joints together

cartilage - cushioning between bones

System 4 is

Nervous System

nervous System function is

conduct electrical impulses through the boy in response to the environment

how to MH in the nervous system

electrical impulse, heat, trapper by skin

1. part of nervous system

central nervous system - brain and spinal cord

2. part of nervous system

peripheral nervous system - go out from the center of the body

3. part of nervous system

autonomic nervous system controls involuntary (cannot control) action of the body

newron def

is a nerve cell

1. type of newron

sensory newrons - pick impulses from the environment

2. type of newron

internewuron -found in the CNS central nervous system

2. type of newron

motor newton make structures have a a response

synapase def

space between neurons where impulse is carried

neruotransmitter def

chemicals sent in the synapse