Sports, Exercise and Nutrition Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards related to sports, nutrition, pregnancy, and eating disorders from a lecture transcript.

Fitness

The ability to perform moderate to vigorous activity without undue fatigue.

Benefits of Exercise

Helps prevent chronic diseases, helps with stress management, improves sleep quality, helps with body weight management and maintenance of muscle mass.

Exercise Recommendations

At least 30 minutes of moderate aerobic activity 5 days a week OR vigorous aerobic activity 20 minutes for 3 days a week. Also includes cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance and flexibility.

ATP-Phosphocreatine System

Immediate source of energy for the body, lasts 10-30 seconds and does not require oxygen.

Glycolysis

Used during the first 2-3 minutes of activity; breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, which gets converted to lactic acid.

Cori Cycle

Process of transporting lactic acid from muscle to the liver and return of glucose to the muscle.

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (REDS)

Syndrome that stems from low energy availability in athletes.

Glycogen

Storage form of carbohydrates in the muscle and liver.

Rehydrate

Consume 1.5x the amount of fluid lost during exercise.

Refuel

Consume 1-1.2g of carbohydrates/kg body weight to start to refill glycogen stores.

Repair

Consume 0.5g of protein/kg of body weight to help with repairing muscles.

Rest

Making sure to get adequate sleep, 7-9 hours, and not overtraining will help improve exercise recovery and adaptations.

Pica

Compulsive eating of nonfood substances, such as clay, chalk, or dirt

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Condition in infant caused by maternal alcohol consumption which is characterized by growth retardation, facial abnormalities, and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction

Colostrum

First milk produced after birth that is of thinner consistency and is slightly yellowish in color; it's high in protein, contains maternal antibodies, and serves as a laxative to clear the meconium.

Food Allergy

Condition in which the body produces antibodies against a particular protein in food.

Anaphylactic Shock

Condition in which blood pressure is very low and breathing is shallow.

Muscle Dysmorphia

A type of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) in which individuals focus on their muscularity and believe they are never muscular enough.

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AAS)

Manufactured hormones related to natural male sex hormones; illegal to possess without a prescription and banned in most competitive sports.

Anorexia Nervosa

Refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height; characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. Poor body image; amenorrhea may occur.

Bulimia Nervosa

Eating large quantities of food in a short period, with feelings of loss of control, followed by inappropriate weight compensatory behavior such as purging or excessive exercise. Individual is generally of normal weight.

Binge Eating Disorder

Eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat in a similar period of time under similar circumstances, with a sense of lack of control over eating during the episode.

Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED)

Disordered eating patterns and behaviors that do not meet specific criteria for other eating disorder diagnoses.

Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder

Eating disorders that do not meet specific criteria for an eating disorder, resulting in clinically significant distress or impaired social and occupational engagement.

Orthorexia

Fixation on righteous eating; an unhealthy obsession with eating only foods considered pure and of high quality.

Body Image

How an individual pictures their body or how we feel about how we look.

Intuitive Eating

A self-care eating framework, which integrates instinct, emotion, and rational thought.