Lecture on Neurotransmitters and Nature vs. Nurture

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to neurotransmitters and the nature versus nurture debate, based on the lecture notes.

Reuptake

The process by which excess neurotransmitters are reabsorbed by the axon terminal.

Action Potential

An electrical impulse that travels along the axon of a neuron in an all-or-none fashion.

Neurotransmitters

Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses between neurons.

Dopamine

A neurotransmitter associated with pleasurable emotions and the reward pathway of abused drugs.

Endorphins

The brain's natural opiate that suppresses pain and contributes to feelings of euphoria.

Serotonin

A neurotransmitter that regulates mood, appetite, and sleep.

MDMA

A drug known as the 'love drug,' which affects serotonin levels and can lead to overheating risks.

Nature vs. Nurture

The debate regarding the relative contributions of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) to human behavior.

Genetic Relatedness

The percentage of genes that individuals share, which influences hereditary traits.

Family Studies

Research methods used to assess heredity by looking at similarities among blood relatives.

Twin Studies

Studies that compare identical twins with fraternal twins to assess genetic versus environmental influences.

Adoptive Studies

Studies comparing adopted individuals to their biological and adoptive parents to determine genetic and environmental impacts.