Biology 213W - 11-18-24 | Quizlet

Pathogen

An organism that causes disease

Infection

Contamination or invasion of body tissue by pathogenic organisms

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Rapidly progressive dementia with startle myoclonus
Prions (PrP) change from alpha to beta pleated sheet (resistant to proteases)
Spongiform transformation of gray matter

Mad cow disease

A disease in which prions mutate into deadly pathogens and slowly damage a cow's nervous system.

Barriers to infections

mucous membrane, pH, skin

Innate immunization

Short time, response is immediate, limited diversity, always the same response

Adaptive immunization

Long time, response takes a few days, is specifically to the pathogen that caused, can fight a variety, if second reencounter amplifies responses

Signs of inflamation

redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function

Histamine causes

vasodilation and increased capillary permeability

Erythropoiesis

production of red blood cells

Lymphocytes

Natural killer cells
Small lymprocyte
T limphocyte
B lymphocytes
Plasma cells

Leukocytes

Basophil
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte

Macrophages

Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream

Exocytosis

Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material

Phagocytosis is...

a type of endocytosis whereby a cell engulfs a particle in an internal compartment called phagosome

Phagocytic cells of immune system...

Neutrophils
Macrophages
Dentritic cells

Monocytes can mature into...

Macrophages or dencritic cells

Natural killer cells...

killer cells that kill non-self by poking holes in the membrane or inducing apoptosis

MHC is a...

self molecule

Adaptive immunitiy relies on...

special receptors on T and B lymphocytes

Antigens are...

molecules capable of binding to immune components

Immunogens

antigens capable of generating an immune response