Octavian's Rise to Power.

what date aureus of Octavian?

what does it say on oct’s face?

what does it say on JC’s face?

what are some differences?

43 BC

oct: C. Caesar consul, priest of the augurs (positions that have a time limit)

JC: C Caesar dictator in perpetuity, pontifex maximus (positions held for life)

JC has laurel wreath

Zanker on the impact of coins

‘These coins undoubtedly attracted widespread attention. Compared with floods of visual stimuli with which we are nowadays bombarded with, new images were relatively rare at the time’

(this makes them memorable)

Bust of Livia date?

material?

hair style?

features

31 BC

Egyptian basalt

Nodus, reflects traditional values and modesty. This emphasises Livia’s moral qualities such as chastity and obedience. (Aug is linking their marriage to his moral reforms, suggesting he is restoring the moral foundations of the republic).

1) simple, no jewelry = traditional matrona.

2)serious expression = Gravitas respect for traditional customs

When was the denarius of Octavian minted/

What was it used for?

32-29 BC

Paying soldiers in the war with Cleopatra