island biogeography
The study of rates of colonization and extinction of species on islands or other isolated areas based on size, shape, and distance from other inhabited regions
ecological tolerance
the range of conditions in which a species can survive
ecosystem diversity
the variety of ecosystems within a given region
species diversity
The number and relative abundance of species in a biological community.
genetic diversity
The range of genetic material present in a gene pool or population of a species.
provisional services
ecosystem functions that directly supply humans with good,; examples: lumber and fish
regulating services
the service provided by natural systems that helps regulate environmental conditions
supporting services
basic ecosystem processes (nutrient cycles, soil formation, pollination)
cultural services
ecosystems provide cultural or aesthetic benefits to many people
bottleneck effect
Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a population, typically by a natural disaster, such that the surviving population is no longer genetically representative of the original population.