Understanding Puberty and Its Impacts

These flashcards cover key concepts related to puberty, its hormonal and physical changes, gender differences, and issues related to body image and sexuality.

Puberty

The period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction.

Menarche

The first occurrence of menstruation in females, typically occurring around age 12.

Spermarche

The beginning of sperm development in males, usually occurring in the early teen years.

HPG axis

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis; a complex set of hormonal interactions that trigger puberty.

Primary sex characteristics

Sexual characteristics directly involved in reproduction, such as organs and structures.

Secondary sex characteristics

Visible signs of sexual maturity that do not directly involve the sex organs, such as breast development and body hair.

Growth spurt

A period of rapid physical growth during puberty involving significant increase in height and weight.

Early maturation in boys

Associated with higher risk of substance abuse, depression, and greater success in sports.

Early maturation in girls

Can lead to externalizing problems, earlier engagement in risky behaviors, and lower self-worth.

Body image

How individuals perceive their physical appearance, which is influenced by societal expectations and self-esteem.

Eating disorders

Serious mental health conditions characterized by unhealthy eating behaviors, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

Adrenal androgens

Hormones produced by the adrenal glands that play a significant role in the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Influences on timing of puberty

Factors such as environmental chemicals, genetics, nutrition, and life stress that can affect when puberty begins.

Sexuality in adolescence

The exploration and expression of sexual desire, often influenced by hormonal changes and environmental factors.

Interventions in sexuality education

Efforts to provide comprehensive and relevant sex education to adolescents that addresses real concerns about relationships.